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Biology Study Guide with answers 1. Name 2 things in common between all 4 of the protists we studied. They can move, they can reproduce, they can obtain food, they can get rid of waste. 2. What is similar between the flagella and cilia in protists? It helps them move. 3. Name a similarity between a volvox and a euglena. They both have chloroplast to make their own food, since they are both plant-like. 4. All living things have ____________. Cells 5. What is the purpose of the cell membrane? Keep good things in and bad things out. 6. Which organelle is found in both plant and animal cells AND provides the energy for the cell? Mitochondria 7. What organelles are different between a plant and animal cell? Plant cell has cell wall and chloroplast (animal does not). 8. Name 3 organelles that are similar between the plant and animal cell. Nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane, vacuole (larger in plants), ER, ribosomes, lysosomes (more common in animal), cytoplasm 9. Where is the genetic information located within the cell? Nucleus 10. What is the main difference between the SHAPE of an animal cell vs a plant cell? Plant cell is rectangular shaped. Animal cell can be any shape (commonly seen as round) 11. What is the nucleus surrounded by? (Similar to what the cell is surrounded by?) Nuclear membrane 12. What is the function of the cytoplasm? Surrounds organelles 13. If a substance were to enter a cell, it would have to pass through what? Cell membrane 14. What is the purpose of the chloroplast in plant cells? Use energy from the sun to make food (sugar) 15. What allows a plant to stand up straight? Cell wall 16. What is the purpose of a vacuole in a cell? Store fluid and waste 17. Which organelle controls all the cell’s activities? Nucleus 18. List the correct order of the following from small to large: organs, organelles, cells, organ systems, tissues. Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ system 19. Which body system breaks down food? Digestive 20. Which body system provides support for movement and protection of internal organs? Skeletal system 21. Which body system removes waste? Excretory 22. Which two body systems work together to transfer oxygen from the air to the cells? Respiratory and circulatory 23. Which body system protects the body from disease? Immune (also lymphatic) 24. Which body system contains the lungs, trachea, and nasal cavity? Respiratory 25. Which body system contains the liver, pancreas, and stomach? Digestive 26. Which body system contains the kidneys and bladder? Excretory 27. How does sweating help the body? Helps the body respond to its environment by cooling off (returning it back to homeostasis) 28. Which body system carries white blood cells to a wound in the body? Circulatory 29. Sperm and egg cells are produced by which body system? Reproductive 30. Which body system is “in charge” of all the other systems? Nervous 31. Which body system produces hormones? Endocrine 32. What happens if a person consumes more calories than needed for daily activities? They would most likely gain weight. 33. If someone fails to eat a balanced diet over a long time, what can happen to their bodies? They can develop a disease (get sick). 34. Name 3 things that can result in your body from smoking cigarettes? Damage to cells, problems breathing, stomach ulcers 35. If you knew your parents had diabetes, what steps could you take now to try to avoid developing diabetes? Eat a healthier diet and exercise regularly