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1 Created by Boundless The smallest unit of biological structure that meets the functional requirements of “living” is the ________. A cell B organelle C macromolecule D organ 2 Created by Boundless The ________ is the basic unit of life. A cell B organism C organ D tissue 3 Created by Boundless Which of the following is a core component of the cell theory? A Both the cell is the basic unit of life and all new cells arise from existing cells. B All new cells arise from existing cells. C The cell is the basic unit of life. D 4 All energy flow occurs within the cell. Created by Boundless Which of the following best describes traits associated with an electron microscope? A The microscope allows for a maximum magnification of 1000 times the original size. B The microscope uses a beam of electrons to provide high resolving power and high magnification. C The microscope stains the electrons in a specimen. D The microscope uses visible light to identify cell structures. 5 Created by Boundless What makes an organism a prokaryote? A It's cellular components are found within cytoplasm. B Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus and membranous organelles. C They contain DNA and ribosomes within the cell. D They have plasma membranes to protect them from their surrounding environment. 6 Created by Boundless Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotes? A DNA B cell wall C endoplasmic reticulum D cell membrane 7 Created by Boundless Which of the following is found both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? A vacuoles B nucleus C mitochondrion D ribosomes 8 Created by Boundless Eukaryotic cells contain the following: 9 A all of these answers B circular chromosomal structures within a membrane-bound nucleus C a nucleus that is not surrounded by a membrane D structures that specialize in energy production Created by Boundless What is an important difference between plant cells and animal cells? A Animal cells are able to capture light energy through stroma. B Heterotrophs capture light energy to produce their own food. C Animal and bacterial cells contain chlorophyll, but it is not bound within organelles. D Plants are able to make their own food through the use of chloroplasts, which enable photosynthesis. 10 Created by Boundless A key role of peroxisomes includes: A the ability to act as highly-reactive products to produce ATP and oxygen metabolism. B the transportation of diseased cells throughout the body. C the ability to perform lipid metabolism and chemically neutralize free radicals. D the ability to congregate in large amounts within cancer cells to neutralize them. 11 Created by Boundless In mitochondria, the process of using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide as a waste product is due to what cellular reaction? A It is a result of important cofactors of many enzymes. B It is due to the associative reaction of anaerobic eukaryotes and aerobic prokaryotes. C It is due to mitochondria's generation of iron and sulfur clusters. D It is a by-product of cellular respiration. 12 Created by Boundless If the nucleolus were not able to carry out its function, which nucleus-synthesized organelles would be affected? A Chromosomes B Ribosomes C Proteins D DNA 13 Created by Boundless A primary function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells is: A to contain the cell's hereditary material. B to synthesize proteins from mRNA. C to produce ATP that powers the cell. D to transport proteins outside of the cell. 14 Created by Boundless Which of the following are correct regarding diffusion through the lipid bilayer that makes up the plasma membrane? A All of these answers are correct. B Polar molecules are repelled by the non-polar lipids that line the inside of the bilayer. C Only materials that are relatively small and non-polar can go through easily. D Large particles cannot fit in between the individual phospholipids that are packed together. 15 Created by Boundless What is the difference in the functioning between rough ER and smooth ER? A Rough ER detoxifies poisons, while smooth ER creates new cell organelles. B Rough ER makes proteins for use inside the cell, while smooth ER make proteins for use outside. C Rough ER makes proteins for use outside of the cell, while smooth ER makes lipids and carbohydrates. D Rough ER is used by animal cells, while smooth ER is only used by plant cells. 16 Created by Boundless Which part of the Golgi apparatus is responsible for the secretion of materials into the vesicles? 17 A the smooth ER B the cis face C the rough ER D the trans face Created by Boundless How do lysosomes dispose of cellular waste products? A They take the waste products and convert them to additional genetic material. B They change the waste back into usable cell parts. C They produce enzymes that digest and break down the waste. D They expel the waste products from the cell through the membrane. 18 Created by Boundless Which of these organelles make up the endomembrane system of a cell? A Lysosomes and cell membrane B Ribosomes and nucleoli C Nucleus and DNA D Rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum 19 Created by Boundless How does the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum help with the transport of proteins? A The ER tubes connect with the nucleus for direct transport of ribosomes to its membranes. B The ER is completely covered with ribosomes that move around the cell. C The ER is a series of hollow tubes the proteins can move through around the cell. D 20 The ER can attach itself to the cell membrane to move proteins out of the cell. Created by Boundless What is the function of the microfilaments in a cell? A To move proteins around and out of the cell. B To support the organelles and the shape of the cell. C To digest worn out and dead cell parts. D To produce energy in the form of ATP. 21 Created by Boundless All of the following are functions of the microtubules EXCEPT: A They anchor proteins to the cell's surface B They provide a track for the movement of vesicles through the cell C They pull chromosome pairs apart during cell division D They help the cell resist compression 22 Created by Boundless What is the role of the extracellular matrix of animal cells? A The matrix is in charge of blood clotting in the human body. B The matrix creates the proteins and collagen that are needed in tissue communication. C It is solely in charge of changing the conformation of microfilaments inside the cell membrane. D The matrix works in the formation of tissues and allows cell communication within the tissues. 23 Created by Boundless Which of the following junctions is matched correctly with its function? A desmosome: transports nutrients in plant cells B plasmodesma: pass electrical signals through heart muscle C gap junction: connects adjacent cells via cadherins D tight junction: prevents materials from leaking between cells