Download The smallest unit of biological structure that meets the

1
Created by Boundless
The smallest unit of biological structure that meets the functional requirements of
“living” is the ________.
A
cell
B
organelle
C
macromolecule
D
organ
2
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The ________ is the basic unit of life.
A
cell
B
organism
C
organ
D
tissue
3
Created by Boundless
Which of the following is a core component of the cell theory?
A
Both the cell is the basic unit of life and all new cells arise
from existing cells.
B
All new cells arise from existing cells.
C
The cell is the basic unit of life.
D
4
All energy flow occurs within the cell.
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Which of the following best describes traits associated with an electron
microscope?
A
The microscope allows for a maximum magnification of
1000 times the original size.
B
The microscope uses a beam of electrons to provide high
resolving power and high magnification.
C
The microscope stains the electrons in a specimen.
D
The microscope uses visible light to identify cell structures.
5
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What makes an organism a prokaryote?
A
It's cellular components are found within cytoplasm.
B
Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus and
membranous organelles.
C
They contain DNA and ribosomes within the cell.
D
They have plasma membranes to protect them from their
surrounding environment.
6
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotes?
A
DNA
B
cell wall
C
endoplasmic reticulum
D
cell membrane
7
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Which of the following is found both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
A
vacuoles
B
nucleus
C
mitochondrion
D
ribosomes
8
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Eukaryotic cells contain the following:
9
A
all of these answers
B
circular chromosomal structures within a membrane-bound
nucleus
C
a nucleus that is not surrounded by a membrane
D
structures that specialize in energy production
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What is an important difference between plant cells and animal cells?
A
Animal cells are able to capture light energy through
stroma.
B
Heterotrophs capture light energy to produce their own
food.
C
Animal and bacterial cells contain chlorophyll, but it is not
bound within organelles.
D
Plants are able to make their own food through the use of
chloroplasts, which enable photosynthesis.
10
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A key role of peroxisomes includes:
A
the ability to act as highly-reactive products to produce
ATP and oxygen metabolism.
B
the transportation of diseased cells throughout the body.
C
the ability to perform lipid metabolism and chemically
neutralize free radicals.
D
the ability to congregate in large amounts within cancer
cells to neutralize them.
11
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In mitochondria, the process of using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide as a
waste product is due to what cellular reaction?
A
It is a result of important cofactors of many enzymes.
B
It is due to the associative reaction of anaerobic eukaryotes
and aerobic prokaryotes.
C
It is due to mitochondria's generation of iron and sulfur
clusters.
D
It is a by-product of cellular respiration.
12
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If the nucleolus were not able to carry out its function, which nucleus-synthesized
organelles would be affected?
A
Chromosomes
B
Ribosomes
C
Proteins
D
DNA
13
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A primary function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells is:
A
to contain the cell's hereditary material.
B
to synthesize proteins from mRNA.
C
to produce ATP that powers the cell.
D
to transport proteins outside of the cell.
14
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Which of the following are correct regarding diffusion through the lipid bilayer that
makes up the plasma membrane?
A
All of these answers are correct.
B
Polar molecules are repelled by the non-polar lipids that
line the inside of the bilayer.
C
Only materials that are relatively small and non-polar can
go through easily.
D
Large particles cannot fit in between the individual
phospholipids that are packed together.
15
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What is the difference in the functioning between rough ER and smooth ER?
A
Rough ER detoxifies poisons, while smooth ER creates new
cell organelles.
B
Rough ER makes proteins for use inside the cell, while
smooth ER make proteins for use outside.
C
Rough ER makes proteins for use outside of the cell, while
smooth ER makes lipids and carbohydrates.
D
Rough ER is used by animal cells, while smooth ER is only
used by plant cells.
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Which part of the Golgi apparatus is responsible for the secretion of materials into
the vesicles?
17
A
the smooth ER
B
the cis face
C
the rough ER
D
the trans face
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How do lysosomes dispose of cellular waste products?
A
They take the waste products and convert them to
additional genetic material.
B
They change the waste back into usable cell parts.
C
They produce enzymes that digest and break down the
waste.
D
They expel the waste products from the cell through the
membrane.
18
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Which of these organelles make up the endomembrane system of a cell?
A
Lysosomes and cell membrane
B
Ribosomes and nucleoli
C
Nucleus and DNA
D
Rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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How does the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum help with the transport of
proteins?
A
The ER tubes connect with the nucleus for direct transport
of ribosomes to its membranes.
B
The ER is completely covered with ribosomes that move
around the cell.
C
The ER is a series of hollow tubes the proteins can move
through around the cell.
D
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The ER can attach itself to the cell membrane to move
proteins out of the cell.
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What is the function of the microfilaments in a cell?
A
To move proteins around and out of the cell.
B
To support the organelles and the shape of the cell.
C
To digest worn out and dead cell parts.
D
To produce energy in the form of ATP.
21
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All of the following are functions of the microtubules EXCEPT:
A
They anchor proteins to the cell's surface
B
They provide a track for the movement of vesicles through
the cell
C
They pull chromosome pairs apart during cell division
D
They help the cell resist compression
22
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What is the role of the extracellular matrix of animal cells?
A
The matrix is in charge of blood clotting in the human body.
B
The matrix creates the proteins and collagen that are
needed in tissue communication.
C
It is solely in charge of changing the conformation of
microfilaments inside the cell membrane.
D
The matrix works in the formation of tissues and allows cell
communication within the tissues.
23
Created by Boundless
Which of the following junctions is matched correctly with its function?
A
desmosome: transports nutrients in plant cells
B
plasmodesma: pass electrical signals through heart muscle
C
gap junction: connects adjacent cells via cadherins
D
tight junction: prevents materials from leaking between
cells