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Transcript
Heredity, Environment, and Evolution Mod 14 and 15 Influences Nature vs Nurture Intelligence Aggression Personality Behavioral genetics Integrates the influences of heredity, environment and evolution in terms of their effect on human behavior Heredity How the traits of parents are transmitted biologically to their offspring Chromosomes Nucleus of each human cell contains 46 chromos 23 from each parent Genes Biochemical units of heredity that make up chromosomes Contain DNA (chainlike molecule) Environment Nature vs Nurture debate Nature – genetic or biological Sets the possibilities for behavior Nurture – environmental factors Determines how the possibilities will be realized Most agree both contribute to influence behavior Evolution Darwin gradual change in genes over time because traits that allowed our ancestors to survive where passed on Twin Studies Heritability Proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes Varies depending on pop. And envir. being studied It is an estimate Applies only to the population as a whole Not to individuals Numerical value 0 to 1 Heritability Trait with high levels of heritability is height If a given population has good health and nutrition, most differences regarding height will be due to differences in their genes video Twin Studies Monozygotic Twins Identical 100% same genes Dizygotic Twins Fraternal 50% same genes Thomas Bouchard Famous Minnesota Twin Studies Jim Twins Video Adoption Studies Genetic relatives Environmental relatives Environment shared by a family’s children has virtually no impact on personality Epigenetics Study of environmental influences on gene expression that occurs without DNA change video Evolutionary Psychology Video overview
