Download Osmosis and Active Transport

Name___________________________
Osmosis and Active Transport
Period_____ Date_________________
<Notes #2- Cell Processes>
Cells transport materials in two ways:
___________________ transport- materials move through a cell without the help of energy.
Example: Diffusion and Osmosis
___________________ transport- materials require energy to move through the cell.
Example: Protein carriers
____________________- the diffusion of __________ through a
______________________________ membrane.
H
H2O
Selectively permeable membrane
“Symbol” for osmosis:
L
_________________________- when molecules of a substance are evenly spread out.
When water moves INTO a cell…it causes the cell to __________.
In PLANTS…the _________________ of a plant keeps the cell from bursting.
When the cell membrane and cytoplasm are pressed against the cell wall,
the cell becomes __________. The “filled” state of a plant is called ____________.
In ANIMALS…the cells could _____________ if too much water enters the cell. Many animal cells
(especially one-celled animals) have special
structures to ________________ excess water.
When water moves OUT OF a cell…it causes the cell to ________________.
______________________- shrinkage of a cell due to the loss of water.
If enough cells shrink or plasmolyze…the organism will ______ !!
=============================================================
Osmosis “Problems”You must first decide…
where the high and low concentrations are of ______________.
***Remember…if something is added to water
it ____________ the concentration of water!!!!
Pure H2O = _______% water
H2O + 32% salt = _____% water
You are stranded in the m iddle of the ocean. Should you drink the salt w ater? W hat
w ould happen to your cells?
The high concentration of water is in the ______________ because you are adding _________ to
the bloodstream.
The low concentration of water is in the ___________________.
W hy does w atering a plant w ith salt w ater k ill the plant?
The high concentration of water is in the ______________
because you are adding _______________________ to the soil.
The low concentration of water is in the __________.
5. Why does putting sugar on fruit help to preserve the fruit from bacteria?
The bacteria _______ water by osmosis!!!!!!!!!
____________________________-using ENERGY to move molecules across cell membranes.
“AT” is used to:
1. To move ___________ molecules through a cell membrane.
“______________________________” (Transport proteins) –
use energy to help move large molecules quickly through a cell membrane.
2. To move from an area of low concentration to high concentration (this is opposite to diffusion!)
Plant root cells will take in _______________ from the soil even though there is a high
concentration of minerals already in the root cells.
The “symbol” for this type of active transport is:
Substances that are too large to pass through the cell
membrane by either active or passive transport may
move by:
______________________- packages of the
materials (such as wastes in the vacuoles or proteins
packaged by the Golgi Bodies) fuse with the
cell membrane and release their contents.
_____________________-a part of the
cell membrane folds inward surrounding the
material in a sac or vacuole.
L
Energy
H