Download Section 1.5 Name:

Section 1.5
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Opening Activity: Where in the cell does translation take place?
Latin Root Word:
Review of Old Information:
Protein Synthesis Step #1 – __________________________ – converting the DNA message to mRNA (in nucleus) Step #2 – ________________________ – converting the mRNA message to a protein (at the ribosomes) 10.2 – RNA and Transcription I.
_________________ -­‐ Remember, DNA was constructed of nucleotides with a deoxyribose sugar. a. Differences in RNA i. RNA is constructed of nucleotides with a _______________ sugar (not deoxyribose) ii. Also, RNA does not have thymine, instead it has the pyrimidine of _______________ iii. RNA is only a _________________ strand -­‐ DNA is a double strand b. Types of RNA i. _____________________ RNA – mRNA – carries genetic information from nucleus to cytosol of cell ii. _____________________RNA – tRNA – RNA that binds to amino acids in order to build proteins iii. _____________________ RNA – rRNA – part of the ribosomes that make proteins II.
___________________________ – the process of changing DNA to RNA so that genetic info can be transferred to the cytosol of the cell – eventually the RNA helps create a protein a. Step 1 – RNA _______________ binds to DNA by recognizing specific regions called promoters b. Step 2 -­‐ RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from a specific DNA sequence c. Step 3 – Nucleotides are added that match up with the base pairs of DNA d. Step 4 – RNA transcription ends when a termination signal in the DNA is reached III.
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA can be produced and all help with the construction of proteins Drawing Transcription: Where is this process taking place? Why does this process have to take place? What type of RNA is produced? Translation Remember, proteins are a molecule of life that are made from different kinds of monomers known as ___________________________. Proteins can have many different shapes and functions. I.
The Parts of Translation a. mRNA is translated into a sequence of _______________________________ b. the order of nucleotides in the mRNA, make a specific protein c. Each group of three nucleotides is known as a _____________________ i. Each codon codes for a specific _____________________ ii. Certain codons, code for translation to start and stop 1. Start codons – 2. Stop Codons – II.
__________________________ – forming proteins by bonding together a string of amino acids a. Step #1 -­‐ tRNA has an _______________________ that bonds to the codon of mRNA b. Step #2 -­‐ tRNA also has a ________________________ bonded to it c. Step #3 -­‐ Multiple tRNAs bond to mRNA and as this happens the amino acids from each tRNA bond together forming a chain of amino acids (a protein) Important: In order for the tRNA anticodon to bond to the codon of the mRNA it must be ________________ III.
The Ribosome a. The responsibility of the ______________________ is to bring the mRNA and tRNA together so the codon and anticodon can bond together and the protein(amino acid) chain can be built New Information: NONE
Activity: See attached