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Structure and Function Review Packet - KEY
You may use your notes, assignments and textbooks to help you complete this packet. I want you to first
search for the answer using your resources, then you may ask a partner if you cannot find the answer.
Compare and Contrast a Plant Cell vs. an Animal Cell. You may want to use the pictures on the next page to help
Plant

Make their own food
through photosynthesis
– which takes place in
the chloroplasts

Are green – chloroplasts
have green pigment.
Both

Animal

Need energy to carry out
cellular functions &
processes.
Must get hunt or find
food to eat and digest to
get energy.
Both have the following organelles:

Organelles found only
in plants: cell walls,
chloroplasts, vacuoles








Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum and
ribosomes
Mitochondria
Golgi body (synonyms:
Golgi complex or Golgi
apparatus)
Lysosome
Cytoskeleton
Plant Cell Anatomy
Animal Cell Anatomy
F
B
G
E
H
D
J
K
G
H
A
H
A
B
I
D
E
C
C
Organelle
Labeled part
in pictures
on previous
page
Function
CELL WALL
F
Provides rigidity to plant cells, structure & support
CELL MEMBRANE
B
Controls the movement of materials in & out of a
cell. Lets “good” things in, keeps “bad” things
out.
CYTOPLASM
C
Jelly-like substance that fills space between other
organelles and holds them in place
NUCLEUS
A
The control center of a cell – it regulates cell
processes, turns process off and on. Also contains
cell’s DNA.
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM (E.R.)
H
Functions as a transport center – moves materials
from place to place within the cell.
RIBOSOME
E
Round bumps often found on the E.R. which
function to make proteins for the cell.
MITOCHONDRIA
D
Processes food and breaks it down to create energy
for the cell in both plant and animals. Often called
the “power plant of the cell.”
VACUOLE
I
Function as storage. Stores either food or waste.
CHLOROPLAST
K
Found only in plants. Are where photosynthesis
occurs – plants use light to make their own food
(sugars). Food is then send to mitochondria to be
turned into energy.
GOLGI BODY
G
Packages and transports proteins within the cell.
Small round bubbles called vesicles serve to move
materials through the cell – they act like delivery
trucks to a transport center.
LYSOSOME
J
Makes enzymes which break down food to be
processed into energy, also serves to break down
waste.
Page 2
Put a check in the appropriate column(s) to indicate whether the following organelles are found in plant
cells, animal cells or both.
Organelle
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Vesicle
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Endoplasmic reticulum
Plant
Cells
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Animal
Cells
Organelle
Golgi apparatus
x
x
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Nucleus
x
x
x
Vacuole
Ribosome
Plant
Cells
Animal
Cells
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1)What is a protist?
They are single celled organisms which do not fit into the plant or animal kingdoms. They
have a large variety of sizes, shapes and forms.
2)What is the function of cilia and flagella?
Both function in locomotion (movement) of protist cells.
Cillia are many short hair-like structures around the outside of some protists cells – they
enable a protist to “swim” and move through water.
Flagella – a long whip-like structure outside a protist cell. By whipping the flagella back and
forth it enables the protest to move around.
3)Compare and Contrast cilia, flagella, Pseudopod
Similarities – all 3 function in locomotion of the cell
Differences:
Cilia - are many short hair-like structures around the outside of some protists cells
Flagella – are long whip-like structures outside a protist cell.
Pseudopod – means “false foot” – the is the structure of the entire amoeba cell (not just an
external structure). Amoebas use them to move. The cell membrane moves and the cell “oozes
and flows” along with the cytoplasm streaming inside to move too.
Page 3
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