Download protein synthesis slides - week 1

Wednesday – 11.9.16
Warm-up: Answer numbers 1-2 using the
protocol outlined below.
Warm-up #1
1. If one strand of DNA molecule has the base
sequence A-G-C-T-A, the complementary strand
of DNA would have the base sequence –
a.
b.
c.
d.
A-G-C-T-A
U-C-G-A-T
U-C-G-A-U
T-C-G-A-T
Warm-up #2
2. A strand of DNA consists of thousands of
smaller repeating units known as –
a.
b.
c.
d.
lipids
amino acids
nucleotides
polysaccharides
Why should we care about
Protein Synthesis?
• As you watch the video, write a list of all of the
uses of proteins that you see in the video.
• At the end, we will see who has the longest list!
• P.S. You will need this list for a homework
assignment so I suggest you don’t lose it!
Introduction to Protein Synthesis
Amoeba Sisters Video
As you watch the video clip, fill out the Venn
Diagram that you were given.
Why RNA is just as cool as DNA
Phrase Bank
A.Double-helix shape
B.Adenine
C.Single-stranded
D.Nucleic Acid
E.Deoxyribose
F.Cytosine
G.Ribose
H.Contain a sugar
I.Thymine
J.Guanine
K.Uracil
L.Phosphate
M.Double-stranded
DNA
RNA
BOTH
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 1
1. Look at the cover page of your booklet.
2. Attempt to identify things you recognize from
previous units.
3. Identify aspects of the diagram that are
completely unfamiliar to you.
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 2
Directions:
1. Flip to page 2 of your
booklet.
2. Fill in the blanks to the
overview section using
the word bank to the
right.
Word Bank:
•
•
•
•
•
•
proteins
DNA
inherit
genes
DNA
The sequence of nitrogen bases
Overview
____________________________________ code for your ______.
Certain segments of ______ code for your ________.
You _____________ these from your parents.
They code for the ____________ that make up your traits.
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 2
Overview
The sequence of nitrogen bases code for your DNA .
Certain segments of DNA code for your genes .
You inherit these from your parents.
They code for the proteins that make up your traits.
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 3
• Turn to page 3 of your booklet.
• Fill in the missing blanks using the words below.
– Nucleus, Translation, Transcription, Ribosome
1st: ________________
occurs in the
___________________
2nd: ________________
occurs at the
____________________
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 3
1st:
Transcription
occurs in the
Nucleus
2nd:
Translation
occurs at the
Ribosome
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 4
Transcription
Occurs in the: Nucleus
End Result: mRNA
Label the
diagram with the
terms below:
• Nucleus
• Nuclear pores
• DNA bases
• mRNA bases
DNA
mRNA
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 2
DNA
mRNA
Transcription
occurs in the
nucleus .
Amoeba Sisters Video
Protein Synthesis and the Lean, Mean Ribosome Machines
2 Steps of Protein Synthesis
Transcription: occurs in the ______________
• ______ is used a a template to make _______.
• _______ leaves the ___________ through nuclear pores and
travels to the ____________.
Translation: occurs in the _____________ at the _____________.
• A _______ molecule attaches to each codon in the mRNA
molecule.
• 1 ___________ _________is attached to each tRNA molecule.
• Peptide bonds form between each amino acid to form a
___________________ __________, which is a protein.
• Proteins code for your genetic ____________.
2 Steps of Protein Synthesis
Transcription: occurs in the nucleus
• DNA is used a a template to make mRNA.
• mRNA leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores and
travels to the ribosome.
Translation: occurs in the cytoplasm at the ribosome
• A tRNA molecule attaches to each codon in the mRNA
molecule.
• 1 amino acid is attached to each tRNA molecule.
• Peptide bonds form between each amino acid to form
a polypeptide chain, which is a protein.
• Proteins code for your genetic traits.
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 5
Translation
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Label the
diagram with the
terms below:
Nucleus
Nuclear pores
mRNA bases
tRNA molecule
tRNA bases
Amino acids
Peptide bond
Polypeptide chain
= Protein
Occurs at the: Ribosome
End Result: Protein
mRNA  tRNA + amino acids  polypeptide chain  proteins
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 2
mRNA
tRNA + amino acids
polypeptide chain
proteins
traits
__Translation__
____occurs____
at the ribosome
in the cytoplasm.
Friday – 11.11.16
• Take out your Protein Synthesis Warm-up
Problem Handout you received Monday.
• Answer 3-4 using your sticky note and the
Protocol for MC Questions.
Warm-up #3
3. Based on structure, in what way do DNA
molecules differ from RNA molecules?
a. RNA contains the base uracil;
DNA does not contain uracil
b. DNA is composed of two chains of nucleotides;
RNA is composed of three chains of nucleotides.
c. RNA is helical; DNA is branched.
d. DNA is composed of four different bases;
RNA is composed of three different bases.
Warm-up #4
4. A DNA molecule with the base sequence A-G-CT-C-A was used as a template for the synthesis
of a messenger RNA molecule. Which bases
sequence correctly represents the
corresponding portion of the RNA molecule?
a.
b.
c.
d.
T-C-A-G-C-A
U-C-G-A-G-U
A-G-C-U-C-A
A-T-G-A-C-T
Codon Charts
Codon Charts
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 6
1.
TRANSCRIPTION
__________
TRANSLATION
__________
2.
TRANSCRIPTION
__________
TRANSLATION
__________
DNA: CCC
mRNA: GGG
CCC
tRNA: ____
GLY
amino acid: ____
DNA:
mRNA:
tRNA:
amino acid:
AAT
GTA
UUA
CAU
AAU
GUA
____ ____
LEU ____
HIS
____
TAG CTG ATA
AUC GAC UAU
____ ____ ____
UAG
AUA
____ CUG
____ ____
ASP
TYR
ISO ____
____
____
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 7
3.
TRANSCRIPTION
__________
TRANSLATION
__________
CAT
DNA: ____
mRNA: GUA
CAU
tRNA: ____
VAL
amino acid: ____
GCA
____
CGU
GCA
____
ARG
____
CTG
____
GAC
CUG
____
ASP
____
Protein Synthesis Booklet – pg. 7
4.
TRANSCRIPTION
__________
TRANSLATION
__________
DNA:
mRNA:
tRNA:
amino acid:
GCA TAG CAA
CGU
GUU
AUC ____
____
____
GCA
CAA
UAG ____
____
____
VAL
ARG ____
ISO
____
____
Snowball
1. Create and write down ONE of the following
sequences on your slip of paper.
– DNA: A, T, C, G
– mRNA: A, U, C, G
– tRNA: A, U, C, G
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End
2. Crumple your piece of paper into a paper ball.
Snowball
3. GENTLY, throw your ball to someone across
the room.
4. Open the paper ball, and complete the
remaining three lines.
5. Crumple the paper back into a paper ball.
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End
Codon Bingo
• I will read an mRNA codon.
• You will translate the codon to determine
which amino acid it codes for using your
codon chart.
• If you have that amino acid on your card, write
the mRNA codon I said in that space using a
dry erase marker.
• Once, you have bingo, say BINGO!