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Transparency master – vocabulary Anti-codon – a group of 3 nucleotides in tRNA that complements the codons on the mRNA Codon - a group of 3 nucleotides in mRNA that specifies an amino acid Transcription – process by which mRNA molecules are copied from the DNA Translation – when codons in mRNA are decoded into a sequence of amino acids DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid, double-stranded helix that carries all genetic information available is every cell mRNA – single-stranded messenger that carries copies of DNA segments to the ribosome where proteins are made, contains uracil instead of thymine tRNA – transfer one amino acid after another to the ribosome, contains uracil instead of thymine ribosome – contains ribosomal RNA that are used to assemble proteins nucleus – control center of the cell, where the DNA is “trapped” by the semi-permeable nuclear membrane