Download Study Guide to Chapter 5 Ð DNA

Study Guide to Chapter 5 – DNA
In the end of chapter exercises:
Important definitions to know :
Gene
DNA
Genome
Mutation
Transcription
Translation
Genetic engineering
Multiple choice questions 1-5, 7-9, 11,15,16.
In the short answer questions, do all of them, 1-5.
Added questions:
1. DNA is made of units called ______________. (A. amino acids, B. fatty acids, C.
nucleotides). Each nucleotide has 3 parts. The _________ and __________ , and the
_________. The genetic information resides in what part of the molecule?
_______________________. What is the general shape officially called?
______________________.
2. Name the four nitrogenous bases in the molecule, and their letter abbreviations.
A always pairs with _____ in DNA. G always pairs with _____ in DNA.
3. RNA is an intermediary in making a protein. The first step is called
______________________ a) transcription b) translation, in which a DNA serves as a
template to make a strand of ___________________ a) mRNA b) tRNA. This occurs in
__________ a) the nucleus b) the ribosome). Once the strand is complete it detaches
from DNA. The second step in making a protein is called __________________ a)
transcription b) translation. The molecule of ____________ a) mRNA b) tRNA arrives at
the ___________a) ribosome b) nucleus, where complementary _______________ a)
mRNA b) tRNA build a polypeptide or protein which is a sequence of _____________ a)
sugars b) phosphates c) amino acids. _________ bases (one, two, three) in the mRNA
code for a single type of amino acid. After the protein is made it detaches from mRNA.
4. What is a mutation?
Describe the following mutations:
Point mutation:
Substitutions
Insertions and deletions
Chromosomal aberrations
5. For what discovery did Watson and Crick win the Nobel Prize?
6. What is the Human Genome Project? What did it do?