Download Cell History and Structure - Fort Thomas Independent Schools

Cell History and Structure
1. The invention of the microscope made it possible for people to discover and learn about
a. plants.
c. animals.
b. skin.
d. cells.
2. Which of these scientists was the first person to observe what we now call protists?
a. Matthias Schleiden
c. Robert Hooke
b. Rudolf Virchow
d. Anton von Leeuwenhoek
3. Which of the following statements is NOT part of the cell theory?
a. Cells are the basic unit of structure and
c. Only animals are composed of cells.
function in living things.
b. All cells are produced from other cells.
d. All living things are composed of cells.
4. What is the function of a cell wall?
a. to protect and support the cell
c. to prevent water from passing through it
b. to perform different functions in each cell d. to prevent oxygen from entering the cell
5. What is the function of a cell membrane?
a. to protect and support the cell
c. to control what enters and leaves the cell
b. to perform different functions in each cell d. to form a hard outer covering for the cell
6. Chromatin in the nucleus of a cell
a. contains instructions that direct the
c. protects the nucleus with a rigid layer of
functions of a cell.
cellulose.
b. controls what substances come into and
d. produces ribosomes and proteins.
out of a cell.
7. Which organelles produce most of the energy needed by a cell?
a. mitochondria
c. ribosomes
b. chloroplasts
d. Golgi bodies
8. Which organelles produce proteins in the cell?
a. Golgi bodies
c. ribosomes
b. chloroplasts
d. vacuoles
9. Which organelles release chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones?
a. endoplasmic reticulum
c. lysosomes
b. Golgi bodies
d. vacuoles
10. How does a bacterial cell differ from a plant or animal cell?
a. It is larger.
c. It has no cytoplasm.
b. It does not have a nucleus.
d. It has no organelles.
11. Cells in many-celled organisms
a. all look the same.
c. are often quite different from one another.
b. all have the same structure.
d. are the same size in every part of the
organism.
12. The microscope allowed Hooke to see "tiny rectangular rooms," which he called ____________________.
13. The cell theory states that cells are the basic unit of structure and ____________________ in living things.
14. According to the cell theory, all organisms are made of ____________________.
15. The structure that allows materials to pass into and out of a cell is the ____________________.
16. The nucleus of a cell has thin strands of ____________________ that contain genetic material.
17. Small grainlike bodies called ____________________ produce proteins inside cells.
18. Organelles known as ____________________ contain chemicals that break down food particles and old cell parts.
19. Unlike in an animal cell, the genetic material in a bacterial cell is not found in a(n) ____________________.
20. When he named cells, Robert Hooke was looking at ____________.
21. Is the cell shown a bacterial cell? Explain your reasoning.
22. Name two structures that are not found in the cell shown here but are found in plant cells.
23. Identify the structures labeled B and describe their function.
Essay
24. You are looking at the inside of a cell. Explain how you can tell whether the cell is animal, bacterial, or plant.
25. Draw a nerve cell and a red blood cell and tell why they are shaped differently.
26. Which kind of cell would have more mitochondria, muscle cell or skin cell? Why?
27. What do ribosome do?
28. What do lysosomes do?