Download Replication/ Transcription/Translation Review

Replication/ Transcription/Translation Review
1. Transcribe the DNA sequences below:
a. GGGGGTCTTAGGTTGCGTTAG
CCCCCAGAAUCCAACGCAAUC
b. GTACTGAATTGATGAGATGTTCTG
CAUGACUUAACUACUCUACAAGAC
2. How are transcription & translation similar How do they differ?
Transcription and translation both involve reading a nuceic acid code. In
transcription, the DNA code is read to make and mRNA code. In translation, the mRNA
code is used to make a protein.
3. Explain the difference between replication & transcription.
Replication is making a DNA copy of the DNA. Both sides of the DNA are
replicated using DNA nucleotides. Transcription is making an mRNA copy of a DNA
sequence. One side of the DNA is used to make RNA using RNA nucleotides.
4. Describe the different types of RNA, their names and their roles in
transcription & translation.
mRNA: Messenger RNA: Contains the code transcribed from the DNA. It is used as the
code to make the amino acid chains of a protein
rRNA: Ribosomal RNA: A component of the ribosome. Ribosomes read the mRNA to
make a protein
tRNA: Transfer RNA: each tRNA has an anticodon that is complementary to the codon
on the mRNA. It is brought in by the ribosome. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid
that can be added to the forming protein.
5. What is a codon, and what is its role in translation?
A codon is the three letter sequence on the mRNA that codes for a particular amino acid.
6. What is an anti-codon, and what it its role in translation?
The anti-codon can be found on the tRNA. It matches the codon to bring in the right
amino acid.
7. Translate the RNA sequences below by referring to the Codon chart
in your foldable
a. AUGGGGGGUCUUAGGUUGCGUUAG
Methionine-Glycine-Glycine-Leucine-Arginine-Leucine-Arginine-Stop
b. AUGGUACUGAAUUGGGUGUGUUGA
Methionine-Valine-Leucine-Asparagine-Tryptophan-Valine-CysteineStop
8. Now see if you can do this the other way. Write the correct code for
the following protein. There will be more than one correct answer.
Refer to the Codon chart in your foldable:
a. Met-Leu – Val – Cys – Lys – Stop
AUG-CUU-GUU-UGU-AAA – one example
b. Met - His– Ser – Thr – Stop Val – Gly – Lys – Stop
AUG – CAU-UCU-ACU-UGA-GUU-GGU-AAA-UGA – one example
9. Translate these by referring to the Codon chart in your foldable.
a. AUGGGGGCAUAG
Methionine – Glycine – Alanine - Stop
b. AUGGGUGCGUAA
Methionine – Glycine – Alanine - Stop
c. What do you notice about the two proteins created?
They are the same.