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NEDWIDEK SBS11QGR FINAL EXAM is January 15, 2013 (Tuesday)!! Topic list
Dist. 1/10/2013
Your final exam falls out into two categories, eukaryotic regulation (which we’ve been on for about 2
weeks), which is essentially a short unit test, and is worth 64%, and cumulative content, which is
essentially a mini-final and is worth 36%. The total value is 100%, all multiple choice questions, each
worth 2 points. For those of you math whizzes, that is 50 questions. :~p
Euk regulation: 1-32; Cum content: 33-50.
1) Genetic regulation in Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes; role of RPOL and txn factors, repressors,
activators, mechanism of on and off switching for both.
2) Sims and diffs in gene regulation of prokes vs. euks: initiation, and post-tx’al modification.
3) Euchromatin vs heterochromatin: where or in which are genes actively transcribed?
4) Physical diffs b/w heterochromatin and euchromatin: structure, packing, visibility at stages of
mitosis.
5) Primary purpose of genetic control: efficiency in transcript expression to product.
6) Requirements to allow gene transcription (solely) in euks.
7) Requirements to allow translation (solely) of modified transcripts in euks.
8) Necessity for protein-protein interactions and protein-dna interactions to regulate txn.
9) Modification of histones chemically provides or limits access to chromatin for txn.
10) Acetylation of histones: what role in gene activation?
11) Methylation of DNA: what role in downregulation of txn?
12) X-inactivation: effect on genes, dosage, cell specificity: what organisms manifest it?
13) Epigenetics: effect on dna CH3, imprinting (male and female), variation of phenotypes
14) Autosome: define and identify
15) Homologous chromosomes: know anatomy, gene landscape, behaviors in cell division
16) Reduction division and fertilization: define and contrast
17) Chromosomal (genetic) components of human sperm and human egg
18) Definition of nondisjunction
19) Definition of aneuploidy, diseases it causes; contrast with other ploidy defects
20) Chromosome number (total) for ALL diseases (autosomal and sex chromosomal) we talked about
in class that are caused by aneuploidy
21) Contrast all ploidies, know defs and which ones cause disease. Important diseases: down,
Edwards, patau, klinefelters, turners
22) Relationship between phases of cell cycle and events in mitosis…(G0)(resting),
(G1,S,G2)(interphase), (M)(prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
23) Role of cell cycle control in proliferation, apoptosis of cells: relationship to cancer and
development
24) Model organisms for study of development: know 5 Latin names and which is closest to humans
25) Examples of phenotypes for mutation classes in flies: gap, pair rule, segment polarity, homeotic
26) Examples of carcinogenic agents: radiation, UV, chemicals, viruses
27) Neoplasms I-anatomy of carcinoma
28) Neoplasms II-anatomy of sarcoma
29) Proto-oncogenes: roles in “housekeeping” and cell maintenance, functional examples.
30) Cellular events that lead to oncogene formation: copy number, translocation, overactive product,
overexpressed product
31) Programmed cell death: formal name and definition
32) Cell events that lead to tumor suppressor inactivation: knockout mutations, haploinsufficiency
(one allele messed--look it up), presence of other oncogenes
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------33) Analysis of testcross offspring outcomes: extrapolation to parental genotype
34) Trihybrid cross: probability method for prediction of genotype of offspring
35) Similarities between mitosis and meiosis by way of ploidy, crossover, chromosome recruitment
and timing/number of steps
36) Formal definition of codominance and incomplete dominance
37) Outcomes of a cross between two individuals displaying incompletely dominant phenotypes
38) Outcomes of a cross between two parents of different blood type: predictions for paternity
assessment
39) Prediction of genetic outcomes for a cross between two parents manifesting an autosomal
dominant disease
40) Prediction of map distances between two genes based on a test cross of heterozygous offspring
with parents of known genotype
41) Knowledge of basis for MODIFIED genetic ratios in dihybrids possessing epistatic interactions
between the two alleles
42) Purpose of complementation analysis and recombination analysis for gene mapping
43) Formal genetic definition of wild type
44) Chargaff’s pair rules and prediction of nucleotide composition of ds DNA
45) Key experiments of Griffith, Chargaff, Meselsohn, Beadle, Jacob, McLeod, etc.
46) Watson and Crick’s rationale and conclusions based on Chargaff and Franklin
47) Key diffs between proke and euk genome size, txn, tln, post-txal modification
48) Negative and positive regulation in E. coli: lac model mechanism (neg reg); catabolite repression
model mechanism (pos reg)
49) Purpose and procedure for polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
50) Analysis of hypothetical evolutionary comparisons of protein sequence over time: ancestry
proximity based on small nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
Good luck. I actually want you to do well on this, or believe me, I would not bother with a set of specific
information like this. So please review and try to grasp the topics over a few days. Use the book,
Griffiths, as a reference tool. Lean heavily on my notes. And try your earnest best to sleep at least 6
hours the night before my exam. You’d be surprised how sleep deprivation can delete functional
cognition and destroy your efficiency in rendering answers. This is a long test. But I am confident you
can do well on it.
Sincerely, DR NED!!!!!! 