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NAME________________________________ Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Study Guide 1. What does PCR do? 2. How does a gel electrophoresis work? 3. How might a gel electrophoresis be used? Give TWO applications. 4. What is genetic screening? 5. Give two advantages of genetic screening and two disadvantages. 9. Outline a basic technique for gene transfer. 10. State two examples of genetically modified crops or animals. 11. List two possible benefits and two possible harmful effects of genetic modification. 12. Describe the process of gene therapy, using an example. 6. What is the goal of the Human Genome Project? 7. Give two positive outcomes of the Human Genome Project. 13. Define clone. 14. Outline a technique for cloning using differentiated (mature, adult) cells. 15. Discuss three ethical issues of cloning in humans. 8. What characteristic of DNA makes it possible to transfer genes between species?