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Name
Date
Period
RNA and Protein Synthesis Review
VOCABULARY REVIEW Define the following terms.
1. messenger RNA ________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2. transfer RNA _________________________________________________________
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3. transcription __________________________________________________________
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4. codon ________________________________________________________________
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5. translation ____________________________________________________________
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6. anticodon _____________________________________________________________
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MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
1. ___Ribose is a type of:
a. nitrogen-containing base
b. amino acid
c. sugar
d. enzyme
2. ___In RNA, thymine is replaced by:
a. adenine
b. guanine
c. cytosine
d. uracil
3. ___The type of RNA that carries the instructions for making a
protein is called:
a. mRNA
b. pRNA
c. rRNA
d. tRNA
4. ___In eukaryotic cells, RNA is copied from DNA in the:
a. ribosomes
b. nucleus
c. nuclear membrane
d. cytosol
5. ___A protein is a polymer consisting of a specific sequence of:
a. amino acids
b. RNA nucleotides
c. fatty acids
d. DNA nucleotides.
6. ___During translation, one end of a tRNA molecule pairs with a complementary:
a. nucleotide sequence in DNA
b. tRNA molecule
c. mRNA codon
d. protein molecule.
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. Describe three ways that RNA differs from DNA.
2. How is information about making proteins transmitted from the DNA to the site of protein
synthesis?
3. What would be the nucleotide sequence of the RNA that is transcribed from DNA with a
nucleotide sequence G-C-T-A-A-T-C-C-G?
4. List, in order, the tRNA anticodons that are complementary to the mRNA sequence
AUGCAUGCAAGUUAG. How many amino acids will be in the polypeptide that is initially
formed when this mRNA sequence is translated?
5. Explain why methionine is the first amino acid in every growing polypeptide.
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Label each part of the figure in the spaces provided.
The diagram below summarizes the events that occur during translation.