Download Doellman, Cell Structure and Function Unit Exam

Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
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Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
Unit Exam: Cell Structure and Function
Part I – Multiple choice, true-false, matching, and fill in the blank
Multiple choice - Choose the best possible answer for each question. Place your
answer on the blank line before each number.
__a_ 1. ____________ discovered empty chambers within a slice of cork and named
these chambers cells.
a. Robert Hooke
b. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
c. Matthias Schleiden
d. Rudolph Virchow
__b_2. The correct order of the levels of cellular organization from smallest to largest is:
a. Cells, organs, tissues, organ systems
b. Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
c. Organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
d. Tissues, cells, organ systems, organs
__b_3. The relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that an
organism must maintain is defined as ____________ .
a. Equilibrium
b. Homeostasis
c. Balance
d. Diffusion
__c_4. A(n) ___________ is a specialized, membrane bound subunit within a cell that
has a particular function.
a. Vesicle
b. Atom
c. Organelle
d. Nucleus
__d_5. Which of the following structures are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
a. Chloroplasts
b. Cell Wall
c. Vacuoles
d. Both a. and b.
__b_6. The process by which particles move form an area of high concentration to an
area of lower concentration:
a. Osmosis
b. Diffusion
c. Facilitated diffusion
d. Phagocytosis
Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
Use the figure and graph above to answer questions 7 and 8.
_a__7. According to the figure above, in which direction will the particles move via
passive transport?
a. From A to B
b. From B to A
c. Equally in both directions
_c__8. In the graph above, the point where the curved line for the Concentration in B
meets with the curved line for the Concentration in A is illustrating that the
system has reached __________.
a. Homeostasis
b. Balance
c. Equilibrium
d. No movement of particles in either direction
Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
__d_9. A pocket of fluid or liquid is taken into the cell. The process of taking material
into the cell is _____________; more specifically the intake of fluid or liquid via
pocketing of the cell membrane is ______________ .
a. Endocytosis, phagocytosis
b. Exocytosis, phagocytosis
c. Exocytosis, pinocytosis
d. Endocytosis, pinocytosis
Use the figure above to answer question 10.
_a__10. In order, from left to right, the cells in the figure above can be classified as:
a. Hypertonic, isotonic, hypotonic
b. Hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic
c. Isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic
d. Hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic
Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
True or False – Read each of the statements below and indicate if it is true or false on
the blank before the number. If the statement is false, rewrite the statement to make it
true.
__F__11. A compound microscope utilizes a pencil-like beam of electrons that scan
over the surface of a specimen producing a 3D image at the surface of the
sample.
A scanning electron microscope utilizes a pencil-like beam of electrons to scan
over the surface of a specimen producing a 3D image at the surface of the
sample.
__T__12. E coli, a type of bacteria, is an example of a prokaryotic cell.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
__F__13. Unicellular organisms maintain homeostasis through cell specialization.
____Multicellular organisms maintain homeostasis through cell specialization.__
________________________________________________________________
_F___14. Mitochondria are the primary energy producing organelles in plants.
________Chloroplasts are the primary energy producing organelles in plants.___
________________________________________________________________
__T__15. Active transport requires the input of energy as particles are moved from an
area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
16. Fill in the blank – Label the cell structures on the diagram below by filling in each
blank.
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Lysosome
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Rough ER
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Smooth ER
Nuclear Envelope
Ribosomes
Chloroplast
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondrion
Word Bank:
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Cell Membrane
Lysosome
Nuclear Envelope
Nucleolus
Vacuole
Cytoplasm
Rough ER
Nucleus
Smooth ER
Ribosomes
Mitochondrion
Golgi Apparatus
Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
Matching – match the descriptions or functions in the left column to the correct
organelle in the right column. Each organelle will only be used once.
_A__ 17. Fluid filled portion of the cell
outside the nucleus
__C_ 18. Control center for the cell
_L__ 19. Large (sack-like) membrane
enclosed structure that stores materials
(water, salts, proteins, and sugars)
A. Cytoplasm
B. Ribosome
C. Nucleus
D. Cytoskeleton
__M_ 20. Store and move materials
between cell organelles and the cell
surface
E. Cell wall
_F__ 21. Regulates what enters and
leaves the cell
F. Cell membrane
__D_ 22. Helps maintain cell shape and
is involved in cell movement (flagella
and cilia)
G. Lysosome
H. Mitochondrion
_B__ 23. Protein factory of cell
_J__ 24. Internal membrane system
where lipid components are assembled
_K__ 25. Modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins and other materials
_G__ 26. Filled with enzymes to break
down lipids, carbohydrates and proteins
into small molecules that can be used
I. Chloroplast
J. Endoplasmic Reticulum
K. Golgi Apparatus
L. Vacuole
__H_ 27. Produces cellular ATP through
cellular respiration
__E_ 28. Strong, supporting layer
around the cell membrane
_I___ 29. Capture energy from sunlight
and convert it to food that contains
energy for photosynthesis
M. Vesicle
Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
Part II – Short answer
30. List the three components of the cell theory:
1.____ All living things are made up of cells___________________________________
2.______ Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things___________
3.____ New cells are produced from existing cells______________________________
31. Compare and contrast prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Provide an example of each
type of cell.
Prokaryotes:
Eukaryotes:
__ Generally smaller and simpler
__ Generally larger and more complex
__ Do not have a nucleus ______
__ Enclose DNA in a nucleus _______
___Example: E. coli___________
______ Example: Plant Cell ________
32. You have just discovered a mutant plant that no one else has ever seen before.
This plant is very unusual because its cells do not contain a cell wall. Predict how the
lack of cell wall will impact the plant’s survival on Earth. (Hint: What will it look like?
What accommodations will it have to make?)
_________The cell wall provides structural support to plants. It is one of the main ways
that plants fight gravity and support large structures such as leaves and grow upright.
Without a cell wall, the plant will be small and short. The cell wall also prevents the cell
from bursting when water is taken in. Without a cell wall, the plant cells will need to find
another way to regulate water uptake into the cell or they will need to develop a more
rigid cell membrane.___________________________________________________
Name:______________________________________________ Date:______________
33.
a. Label the phospholipid bilayer provided including hydrophilic or hydrophobic
region of the phospholipid molecule on the left. Then, discuss why the cell
membrane is called the fluid mosaic model.
The fluid mosaic model states that protein molecules are embedded in and on the
bilayer and can move (“float”) among the lipids and a number of other molecules
such as carbohydrates attach to proteins and are present. These molecules are all
free to move around. Thus, like a mosaic art piece that is composed of a number of
different materials, the cell membrane is composed of many parts like a mosaic. It is
fluid because molecules can move around.
b. Explain how the structure of the cell membrane (i.e. the fluid mosaic model)
supports its function.
______ The cell membrane is important in cell transport because the polar and
non polar regions in addition to protein carriers and channels regulate what
enters and leaves the cell. It is also vital for active transport of molecules through
endocytosis and exocytosis. The semi-permeable membrane helps determine
what can and cannot diffuse through the cell membrane.