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Mol Biol: Ch 6 worksheet
1.
Consider two cells with the same volume
but with very different surface areas due to
differences in their shapes. The cell with the
larger surface area is likely to _____. (6.2)
a) have a very high metabolic rate
b) be buried deep in the interior of an
organism
c) be involved in the rapid uptake of
compounds from the cell's environment
d) be a prokaryotic cell
e) be nearly spherical in shape
2.
Which of the following structures cannot
be found in prokaryotic cells? (6.2)
a) cytosol
b) plasma membrane
c) mitochondria
d) ribosomes
e) RNA
3.
A substance moving from outside the cell
into the cytoplasm must pass through _____.
(6.2)
a) a microtubule
b) several different organelle membranes
c) a ribosome
d) the nucleus
e) the plasma membrane
4.
In terms of cellular function, what is the
most important difference between prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells? (6.2)
a) Eukaryotic cells can synthesize proteins
but prokaryotic cells cannot.
b) Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus.
c) Compartmentalization of the cytoplasm
by
membrane-bounded
organelles
occurs in eukaryotic cells.
d) Eukaryotic cells have a plasma
membrane and prokaryotic cells do not.
e) Eukaryotic cells are larger than
prokaryotic cells.
5.
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a
typical eukaryotic cell they _____. (6.2)
a) lack chromosomes
b) have a smaller nucleus
c) lack a plasma membrane
d) have no membrane-bounded organelles
in their cytoplasm
e) have no ribosomes
6.
Which of the following features do
prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
(6.2)
a) mitochondria,
cytoplasm,
plasma
membrane
b) ribosomes,
plasma
membrane,
cytoplasm
c) nucleus, plasma membrane, ribosomes
d) mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm
e) ribosomes, nucleus, plasma membrane
7.
A certain cell contains mitochondria,
ribosomes, smooth and rough endoplasmic
reticulum,
and
several
other
cellular
components. Based on this information, this cell
could not be _____. (6.2)
a) a cell from a pine tree
b) a grasshopper cell
c) a yeast (fungus) cell
d) a bacterium
e) The description above could fit any of
the cells listed in the answers.
8.
Of the following organelles associated
with the endomembrane system, which group is
primarily involved in synthesizing molecules
needed by the cell? (6.4)
a) lysosome, vacuole, ribosome
b) ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum,
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c) vacuole, rough endoplasmic reticulum,
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d) smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum,
ribosome, vacuole
e) rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome,
vacuole
9.
Which of the following categories best
describes the function of the rough endoplasmic
reticulum? (6.4)
a) breakdown of complex foods
b) energy processing
c) manufacturing
d) structural support of cells
e) information storage
10.
You would expect a cell with an
extensive Golgi apparatus to _____. (6.4)
a) make a lot of ATP
b) secrete a lot of protein
c) move rapidly
d) perform photosynthesis
e) store large quantities of ions
11.
A researcher made an interesting
observation about a protein made by the rough
endoplasmic reticulum and eventually used to
build a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in
the plasma membrane was actually slightly
different from the protein made in the ER. The
protein was probably altered in the _____. (6.4)
a) Golgi apparatus
b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c) plasma membrane
d) transport vesicles
e) rough endoplasmic reticulum
12.
Which of the following sequences
represents the order in which a protein made in
the rough endoplasmic reticulum might move
through the endomembrane system? (6.4)
a) lysosome ... plasma membrane
b) Golgi apparatus .... mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus ... vacuole
d) plasma membrane ... nuclear envelope
e) nuclear envelope ... lysosome
13.
Which of the following is (are) most
likely to be involved in the process of producing
proteins for a chloroplast or mitochondrion,
neither of which is part of the endomembrane
system? (6.4 and 6.5)
a) transport vesicles
b) free cytoplasmic ribosomes
c) the Golgi apparatus
d) rough endoplasmic reticulum
e) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
14.
A protein that ultimately functions in the
plasma membrane of a cell is most likely to have
been synthesized _____. (6.3-6.5)
a) on ribosomes on the nuclear envelope
b) on free cytoplasmic ribosomes
c) in the rough endoplasmic reticulum
d) in the mitochondria
e) in the plasma membrane
15.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria are
thought to be of prokaryotic origin. One piece of
evidence that supports this hypothesis is that
these organelles contain prokaryotic-like
ribosomes. These ribosomes are probably most
similar to ribosomes found ______. (6.3-6.5)
a) free in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes
b) on the rough ER
c) in bacterial cells
d) The first two answers are correct.
e) The first three answers are correct.
16.
Which one of the following five
membranes is most likely to have a lipid
composition that is distinct from the other four?
(Concepts 6.4 and 6.5) [Hint]
a) endoplasmic reticulum
b) plasma membrane
c) mitochondrial outer membrane
d) lysosome membrane
e) Golgi apparatus
17.
Which of the following is not a true
statement about chloroplasts and mitochondria?
(6.5)
a) Each contains a small amount of DNA.
b) Neither are components of the
endomembrane system.
c) Both are composed of two separate
membranes.
d) Each organelle synthesizes some of its
own proteins.
e) All of the above are correct.
18.
Which of the following is a possible
reason for grouping the peroxisomes with
chloroplasts and mitochondria? (6.5)
a) They are all involved in ATP synthesis.
b) They all contain two or more
membranes.
c) They all contain DNA and make some
of their own proteins.
d) They are all part of the plastid family of
organelles.
e) None of these organelles are part of the
endomembrane system.
19.
Which type of cell is most likely to have
the most mitochondria? (6.5)
a) muscle cells in the legs of a marathon
runner
b) photosynthetic cells in the leaves of a
tree
c) bacterial cells that are growing on
sugars
d) inactive yeast cells that are stored for
future use
e) cells in the skin on your finger that are
not dividing
23.
Which of the following are possible sites
of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell?
(6.3-6.5)
a) the cytoplasm
b) the rough endoplasmic reticulum
c) in mitochondria
d) The first two answers are correct.
e) The first three answers are correct.
20.
Which of the following is not a
characteristic of mitochondria? (6.5)
a) Mitochondria are involved in energy
metabolism.
b) Mitochondria have more than one
membrane.
c) Mitochondria contain DNA and
ribosomes.
d) Mitochondria are independent of the
endomembrane system.
e) All of the above are characteristics of
mitochondria.
24.
Which of the following organelles might
be found inside other organelles? (6.2, 6.3, and
6.5)
a) the nucleolus
b) mitochondria
c) ribosomes
d) transport vesicles
e) No organelles are found inside of other
organelles.
21.
Assume that when a plant cell divides,
one of the daughter cells lacks chloroplasts.
Which of the following would be reasons that
the cell could not produce new chloroplasts from
scratch? (6.5)
a) Chloroplasts are not part of the
endomembrane system.
b) Chloroplasts contain unique DNA that
encodes for some of their own proteins.
c) Chloroplasts are a source of energy for
plant cells.
d) The first two answers are correct.
e) The first three answers are correct.
22.
The observation that chloroplasts and
mitochondria each contain their own DNA and
synthesize some of the proteins that function in
these organelles suggests that chloroplasts and
mitochondria ______. (6.3-6.5)
a) are produced by the nucleus of the cell
b) must divide each time the cell
containing them divides
c) are part of the endomembrane system
d) are involved in energy metabolism of
the cell
e) contain two or more membranes
25.
Which of the following cellular
processes or characteristics is not related to the
cytoskeleton? (6.6)
a) transmission of information from the
cell surface to the interior of the cell
b) movement of the chromosomes during
cell division
c) movement of cilia or flagella
d) contraction of muscle cells
e) All of the above are related to the
cytoskeleton.
26.
Which of following structures are found
in both plant cells and animal cells? (6.6)
a) cell walls
b) chloroplasts
c) central vacuoles
d) mitochondria
e) none of the above
27.
Which statement about the cytoskeleton
is incorrect? (6.6)
a) Microtubules are hollow tubes of protein
that provide structural support.
b) Microfilaments are chains of proteins
that resist stretching.
c) Intermediate filaments are more
permanent structures in cells compared
to microfilaments and microtubules.
d) Components of the cytoskeleton are
often involved with movement of
organelles within the cytoplasm.
e) Plant cells lack a cytoskeleton because
they have a rigid cell wall.
28.
Cilia and flagella move due to the
interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the
following? (6.6)
a) actin
b) pseudopodia
c) mitochondria
d) tubulin
e) motor proteins
29.
Where would you expect to find proteins
involved with movement of structures within a
cell? (6.6)
a) muscles
b) cytoskeleton
c) transport vesicles moving from the ER
to the Golgi
d) plasma membrane
e) ribosomes
30.
Basal bodies are most closely associated
with which one of the following cell
components? (6.6)
a) nucleus
b) mitochondria
c) cilia
d) the central vacuole
e) Golgi apparatus
31.
Which of the following organelles, if
any, lack membranes as part of their structure?
(6.3- 6.7)
a) vacuoles
b) ribosomes
c) microfilaments
d) The first two answers are correct.
e) The second and third answers are
correct.
32.
Dye injected into a plant cell might be
able to enter an adjacent cell through a _____.
(6.7)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
tight junction
microtubule
cell wall
plasmodesmata
gap junction
33.
Your intestine is lined with individual
cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the
gut into your body. Why? (6.7)
a) The intestinal cells are fused together
into one giant cell.
b) The intestinal cells are bound together
by plasmodesmata.
c) The intestinal cells are bound together
by tight junctions.
d) The intestinal cells are bound together
by gap junctions.
e) The intestinal cells are bound together
by the extracellular matrix.
34.
Which of the following statements
correctly describes a common characteristic of a
plant cell wall and an animal cell extracellular
matrix? (6.7)
a) Both are permeable to water and small
solutes.
b) Both are synthesized in the ER and
Golgi apparatus.
c) Both are composed primarily of
carbohydrates.
d) The first two answers are correct.
e) The first three answers are correct.
35.
The walls of plant cells are largely
composed of polysaccharides and proteins that
are synthesized ____. (6.4 and 6.7)
a) externally to the plasma membrane
b) in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c) in the Golgi apparatus
d) in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and
the Golgi apparatus
e) in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.