Download Proteins – Organic/Macromolecule #3

Proteins – Organic/Macromolecule #3
Name:_____________________________________Date:________Per:_____
Proteins are organic molecules. They are built from the connection of many amino acids into a long
chain. Proteins have many functions that can be remembered by this acronym STEM(Structure, Transport,
Enzymes and Movement). Proteins provide structure for cells as well as the whole organism, examples are
receptors or gates that are in the cell membrane. Proteins transport other molecules or themselves throughout
the cell and organism examples are adrenalin and insulin which travel throughout our bodies giving us the
feeling of energy and feeling full. Enzymes a special group of proteins speed up chemical reactions inside of the
cell that would normally never happen, examples are catalase and amylase. The last function they provide is
giving the cell and organism the ability to move, examples are actin and myosin that help muscles contract.
Like the organic molecules the elements that make up proteins are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and
sulfur.
All proteins have a special shape that is the result of the interactions among the side chains of the amino
acids; aka the interaction of positive and negative charges. Instead of being a long single-stranded molecule, a
protein is more like a wound up ball of yarn. It is the shape that a protein coils into that allows it to do its job.
But there are several things that will make the protein unwind. Acids and high temperatures often cause a
protein to uncoil, or denature. Without its coiled up shape, a protein is useless.
Matching
_____1. proteins
a. protein that acts as a hormone
_____ 2. amino acids
b. protein that acts as an enzyme
_____ 3. amylase
c. an uncoiled protein
_____ 4. enzyme
d. a chain of amino acids
_____ 5. insulin
e. a protein that speeds up chemical reactions
_____ 6. denatured
f. building block of a protein
True or False
_____ 1. Proteins are inorganic molecules.
_____ 2. Proteins are organic molecules.
_____ 3. Proteins can serve as enzymes.
_____ 4. Proteins are made of nucleic acids.
_____ 5. Proteins are made of amino acids.
_____ 6. An enzyme is a protein that gives energy to a cell.
_____ 7. An enzyme is a protein that causes chemical reactions to occur in a cell.
_____ 8. Some proteins cause movement of muscles.
_____ 9. Some proteins are hormones.
_____ 10. Proteins can serve many different functions.
_____ 11. Proteins only act as receptors in cell membranes.
_____ 12. Insulin is an example of a protein.
_____ 13. Glucose is an example of a protein.
_____ 14. A protein is like a wound up ball of yarn.
_____ 15. A protein will unwind if it is put in strong acids.
_____ 16. A protein will unwind if it is heated too much.
_____ 17. If a protein unwinds, it cannot do its job.
_____ 18. If a protein unwinds, it can still do its job.
Completing Sentences
proteins
amino acids
structure
enzymes
movement
transport
wound up
unwound
denatured
acids
high temperatures
positive
negative
1. ___________________ are the building block molecules of proteins.
2. __________________ have many different functions: ____________________, ____________________,
_______________________ and _________________________.
3. The amino acids in a protein are _____________ to make a special shape due to the interactions of
__________________ and _____________________ charges.
4. The special shape can be __________________ by _____________ and
_____________________, making the protein useless.
5. When protein unwinds, the protein is said to be _____________________.
Proteins – Short Answer
1. Name the previous 2 organic molecules and their functions.
2. What are the building blocks of proteins?
3. What gives a protein its special shape?
4. What does it mean to say a protein is denatured?
5. Name all 4 functions of proteins and give examples of each.