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Biology Standards Based Benchmark Assessment (2nd Marking Period)
Cell Biology (1a,b,f,g) (5 a,b) and Investigation & Experimentation (IE j)
1. During DNA replication, a complementary strand of
DNA is made from each original DNA strand. If a
portion of the original strand is CCTAGCT, then the
new complementary strand will be
a. TTGCATG.
b. AAGTATC.
c. CCTAGCT.
d. GGATCGA.
FORM B
7. What is the function of mitochondria in Eukaryotic cells?
a. Transport materials.
b. Make proteins.
c. Produce ATP.
d. Control cell division.
8. Which of these statements about photosynthesis and
cellular respiration is true?
a. Both processes produce food.
b. Both processes release energy from food.
c. Photosynthesis produces oxygen; cellular
respiration produces carbon dioxide.
d. Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide; cellular
respiration produces oxygen.
2. Which of the following is NOT true about DNA
replication?
a. It must occur before a cell can divide.
b. Two complementary strands are duplicated.
c. The double strand unwinds and unzips while it is
being duplicated.
d. The process is catalyzed by enzymes called DNA
mutagens.
Use the Figure below to answer the following
question(s).
3. The enzymes responsible for matching complimentary
nucleotides to the exposed DNA template bases are
a. replicases.
b. DNA polymerases.
c. helicases.
d. sucrases.
4. How is RNA different from DNA?
a. RNA is single-stranded.
b. RNA contains a different sugar molecule.
c. RNA contains the nitrogen base uracil.
d. All of the above.
5. RNA is chemically similar to DNA except that its
sugars is ribose instead of deoxyribose, and the
nitrogen base thymine is replaced by a structurally
similar base called
a. uracil.
b. alanine.
c. cytosine.
d. codon.
6. During transcription, the genetic information on DNA
for making a protein is copied into
a. messenger RNA.
b. ribosomal RNA.
c. transfer RNA.
d. translation RNA.
9. Which metabolic process is most closely associated
with the organelle represented in the diagram?
a. cellular respiration
b. hydrolysis of lipids
c. intracellular digestion
d. synthesis of glycogen
10. Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most
ATP?
a. glycolysis
b. Krebs (citric acid) cycle
c. Electron transport chain
d. Calvin cycle
1-B
11. Which organelle is the site of aerobic cellular
respiration in both plant and animal cells?
a. centrosomes
b. nuclei
c. mitochondria
d. chloroplasts
12. The process of cellular respiration
a. is performed only by organisms that are incapable
of photosynthesis.
b. breaks down food molecules to release stored
energy.
c. occurs before plants are able to carry out
photosynthesis.
d. occurs only in animals.
Use the Figure below to answer the following
question(s).
Use the Figure below to answer the following
question(s).
16. Look at the Figure above. Maltose can be broken into
glucose molecules by the enzyme maltase. Which of
the following would slow the reaction rate?
a. Adding maltase.
b. Adding maltose.
c. Removing glucose.
d. Diluting with water.
The graph below shows the rate of enzyme activity
in relation to pH for two enzymes - Pepsin and
Trypsin.
13. When glycolysis occurs,
a. a molecule of glucose
is split.
b. two pyruvates are
made.
c. some ATP is produced.
d. All of the above
14. The name of the process that takes place when organic
compounds are broken down in the absence of oxygen
is
a. cellular respiration.
c. fermentation.
b. oxidation.
d. photosynthesis.
15. There are many different enzymes located in
cytoplasm of a single cell. How is a specific enzyme
able to catalyze a specific reaction?
a. Different enzymes are synthesized in specific areas
of the cytoplasm.
b. Most enzymes can catalyze many different
reactions.
c. An enzyme binds to a specific substrate (reactant)
for the reaction catalyzed.
d. Enzymes are transported to specific substrates
(reactants) by ribosomes.
17. Refer to the Graph above. The liquid in the stomach
has a pH of about 2. Which of the two enzymes would
be active in the stomach?
a. Pepsin
b. Trypsin
c. Both pepsin and trypsin.
d. Cannot determine from graph.
18. Refer to the Graph above. What is the optimum pH
value in which trypsin has the highest rate of reaction?
a. pH 5.5
b. pH 6
c. pH 6.5
d. pH 7
2-B
Use the Graph below to answer the following
question(s).
22. The plasma membrane of a cell consists of
a. protein molecules arranged in two layers with polar
areas forming the outside of the membrane.
b. two layers of lipids organized with the nonpolar
tails forming the inside of the membrane.
c. lipid molecules positioned between two
carbohydrate layers.
d. polar molecules with polar and nonpolar tails.
Use the Figure below to answer the following
question(s).
19. Look at the Graph above. From the graph, you can
conclude that
a. the activity of the enzyme increases as temperature
decreases.
b. the activity of the enzyme continuously increases.
c. the enzyme reaches its peak activity at a
temperature of about 32oC.
d. the enzyme reaches its peak activity at a
temperature of about 35oC.
20.
Look at the Graph above. The graph shows the
activity of a digestive enzyme from the human small
intestine at different temperatures. What is the
explanation for the loss of activity at temperatures
above 32oC?
a. The high temperature disrupts the shape of the
enzyme, de-activating it.
b. Rapid molecular motion at high temperatures
makes substrate collisions less frequent.
c. The optimal temperature of this enzyme is 25oC.
d. Enzyme synthesis does not take place at high
temperatures.
21. The cell membrane of the red blood cells will allow
water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose to pass
through. Because other substances are blocked from
entering this membrane, this membrane is called
a. perforated.
b. semi-permeable.
c. non-conductive.
d. permeable.
23. Look at the Figure above. Which of the following
statement best describe why energy is NOT required to
transport the molecule across the membrane?
a. The molecule moves through a carrier protein
down its concentration gradient.
b. The molecule moves through a carrier protein
against its concentration gradient.
c. The molecule moves through the cell membrane
down its concentration gradient.
d. The molecule moves through the cell membrane
against its concentration gradient.
24. Look at the Figure above. What cell process is
responsible for effect shown above?
a. Active transport
b. Osmosis
c. Passive transport
d. Facilitated diffusion
3-B
25. The cell membrane is permeable to water molecules
and impermeable to dissolved molecules. Which of
the conditions shown in the Figure below might cause
a cell to burst?
Use the Figure below to answer the
following question(s).
26. Look at the Figure above. The phospholipid molecule
of the cell membrane has two main parts: the head and
the tail. These parts are either hydrophobic (repelled
by water) or hydrophilic (attracted to water). Which
statement best describe the phospholipid head and tail?
a. The tail is hydrophilic and the head is hydrophobic.
b. The head is hydrophilic and the tail is hydrophobic.
c. The head and tail are both hydrophobic.
d. The head and tail are both hydrophilic.
27. Which molecule in plant cells first capture the radiant
energy from sunlight?
a. Glucose
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Chlorophyll
d. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
a.
b.
c.
d.
A
B
C
D
28. The first stage of photosynthesis in a chloroplast is
a. light-dependent.
b. temperature-dependent.
c. glucose-driven.
d. ATP-driven.
29. Photosynthesis transforms molecules of water and
carbon dioxide into molecules of
a. carbohydrate and nitrogen.
b. polypeptide and nitrogen.
c. carbohydrate and oxygen.
d. polypeptide and oxygen.
30. The starting materials used by green plants for
photosynthesis are
a. oxygen and water.
b. carbon dioxide and glucose.
c. carbon dioxide and water.
d. oxygen and glucose
4-B
31. Which equation represents the process of
photosynthesis?
Use the Figure below to answer the following
question(s).
a.
b.
c.
d.
32.
In a Eukaryote, which one of these organelles is used
to make sugar?
a. Flagella
b. Ribosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Chloroplast
33. How are mitochondria similar to chloroplast?
a. They can both use energy from sunlight.
b. They are both found in prokaryotic cell.
c. They both convert energy.
d. They are both found in animal cells.
36. The entire molecule shown in the diagram above is
called a(n)
a. amino acid.
b. nucleotide.
c. polysaccharide.
d. pyrimidine.
37. Which base is found in RNA, but not in DNA?
a. Thymine.
b. Cytosine.
c. Uracil.
d. Adenine.
38.
34. Watson and Crick built models that demonstrated that
a. DNA and RNA have the same structure.
b. DNA is made of two strands that twist into a
double helix.
c. guanine forms hydrogen bonds with adenine.
d. thymine forms hydrogen bonds with cytosine.
35. What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?
a. The function of mRNA is to provide a template
(pattern) to make proteins.
b. The function of mRNA is to synthesize DNA.
c. The function of mRNA is to form ribosomes.
d. The function of mRNA is transfer amino acids to
ribosomes.
What are the smaller molecules that join together to
make proteins?
a. Nucleotides.
b. Phosphate groups.
c. Sugars.
d. Amino acids.
39. Which statement describes how DNA, RNA and
proteins are related?
a. RNA copies DNA and uses the information to
make proteins.
b. DNA makes proteins based on the information in
RNA.
c. DNA is made up of RNA and proteins.
d. DNA and RNA are two different types of proteins.
5-B