Download RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

IB BIOLOGY………………..STUDY GUIDE
RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (ch. 17)
TERMS TO KNOW:
RNA polymerase - the enzyme responsible for RNA transcription. Moves along gene and
bonds appropriate RNA nucleotide to complimentary DNA nucleotide.
Promoter - binding site on gene that RNA polymerase attaches to at the start of
transcription.
Codon - set of three mRNA nucleotides that code for an amino acid in the protein.
Anticodon - set of three tRNA nucleotides that are complimentary to the mRNA codon.
They code for a specific amino acid
Translocate - movement of the ribosome along the mRNA strand to activate the next
codon
Intron - the waste segment of the mRNA that will be eliminated from the final strand. They
don’t code for any part of the protein.
Exon - the segment of the mRNA that will be included in final mRNA message sent to the
ribosome.
DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING:
RNA:
Discuss the structure of RNA. Include all three types:
How does RNA differ from DNA:
RNA TRANSCRIPTION:
Discuss RNA transcription. Include a diagram depicting RNA polymerase, the original
DNA strand of 21 nucleotides, individual RNA nucleotides, the mRNA being created, and
a final mRNA strand. Use the back of this page for your diagram:
Discuss primary transcript, introns and exons:
RNA TRANSLATION:
Discuss RNA translation:
Construct a diagram of RNA translation. Include a diagram depicting a mRNA strand of 7
codons, the proper start and stop codons, the appropriate tRNA anticodons with their specific
amino acids. Show a polypeptide being constructed that is still attached to the third anticodon
and a complete polypeptide. Give the names of the exact amino acids in the polypeptides: