Download Cell Test

Cell Test
(100 pts)
Please answer all of the following questions on the accompanying answer sheet. Do not
write on this test!
Matching - 2 pts. Each
Please choose the letter of the definition which best fits each of the following terms.
1. ___cell membrane
2. ___cilia
3. ___active transport
4. ___organelle
5. ___concentration gradient
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
r.
6. ___lysosome
7. ___endocytosis
8. ___turgor
9. ___cell theory
10. ___hypotonic solution
the outer covering of a plant cell; contains cellulose
the process of taking large substances into the cell
the flow of substances from low to high concentrations
the theory which states that all living organisms are composed of cells
the pressure exerted by water against the cell wall; aids in keeping a plant cell rigid
the outer covering of an animal cell; a cell component of all eukaryotic organisms
two microtubules which aid in unicellular movement
the process of transporting large substances out of the cell
cell transport using energy against the concentration gradient
a cell organelle that produces the energy for the cell
a solution which has a low solute-high solvent concentration
small microtubules surrounding some unicellular organisms; aid in cell locomotion
a tiny structure that performs a specialized function within the cell
the flow of substances from high to low concentrations
the theory which states that all living organisms are composed of atoms
cell transport requiring no energy usage that moves with the concentration gradient
a cell organelle containing destructive/digestive enzymes
a solution which has a high solute-low solvent concentration
True or False – 2 pts. each
Please write either T or F for each one of the following statements.
1. ___Diffusion only occurs in living organisms.
2. ___When the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration of
solutes inside the cell, the cell solution is isotonic to its environment.
3. ___A cell is the smallest unit that can carry on all the processes of life.
4. ___Robert Hooke observed cork cells under the microscope and named them “cells”.
5. ___Most of protein synthesis occurs on the ribosomes.
6. ___Movement of water across a cell membrane is called facilitated diffusion.
7. ___All eukaryotic cells have a cell wall.
8. ___The structure of the cell membrane is known as the fluid mosaic model.
9. ___Most of the pigments of any plants are located throughout the cytoplasm of the
plant cells.
10. ___The wimpy potato sticks and the shrunken vacuoles in the red onion cells were all
due to an increase of turgor pressure which resulted from their being placed in a high
concentration of salt water.
Multiple Choice – 2 pts. each
Please choose the answer which is most correct.
1. Which structure directly controls the transport of materials in and out of the cell?
a. cell wall
b. cytoplasm
c. nuclear membrane
d. cell membrane
2. Which structure is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
a. nucleus
b. vacuole
c. ribosome
d. mitochondrion
3. Glucose molecules cross the cell membrane by means of:
a. active transport
b. osmosis
c. facilitated diffusion
d. endocytosis
4. Cell membranes are composed of how many major layers?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
5. In the following system, water molecules are most likely to diffuse:
a. from A to B
b. from B to D
c. from D to C
d. from C to B
6. The largest cells in a human are:
a. skin cells
b. bone cells
c. muscle cells
d. nerve cells
7. Drinking saltwater is dangerous to human because:
a. saltwater is hypotonic relative to human tissue
b. saltwater is isotonic relative to human tissue
c. saltwater is poisonous
d. saltwater is hypertonic relative to human tissue
8. The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as:
a. a double layer of proteins
b. a double layer of lipids with protein molecules embedded within
c. one layer of protein and one of lipid
d. two layers of carbohydrates
9. The process that requires energy to move molecules of different concentrations across
a membrane is known as
a. facilitated diffusion
b. osmosis
c. passive transport
d. active transport
10. The following are steps that occur during endocytosis. Which is the first step that is
out of order?
a. material is taken into the cell by infolding of cell membrane
b. the infolding forms a pocket
c. the pocket forms a vacuole in the cytoplasm
d. the pocket breaks loose from the cell membrane
Completion – 2 pts. each
1. The difference in the amount of solute across space is called a _________ ________.
2. Membranes that allow only certain substances to pass through are called __________.
3. Amebas take large pieces of food into their cells by the process of _____________.
4. Which organelle is responsible for packaging, secreting, and transporting substances
manufactured within the cell to the cell membrane in order to be transported out of
the cell? _______________________
5. What kind of molecules have “heads and tails” and are a major component of the cell
membrane? ________________
6. A tissue is a group of similar _____________.
7. In a cell, the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane is called the
_____________.
8. ________________ is the cell organelle responsible for internal transport within the
cell.
9. _______________ is the cell organelle responsible for producing the cell’s energy
needs.
10. The ____________ is the cell organelle responsible for direction of cell activity and
transmission of inherited characteristics to the next cells.
Essay Questions – 10 pts. each
Be sure to answer each question in sentence format.
1. Comparing plant and animal cells – What are the three organelles that are common to
all eukaryotic cells? Describe the structure and function of these three organelles.
What organelles are different between plant and animal cells? Describe the structure
and function of these “different” organelles.
2. Discuss the various ways (there are four) that substances can cross over or through
cell membranes. Include information for each on energy use, concentration gradients,
and common examples.
Extra Credit – 3 pts.
What is the cell theory? State it (3 parts). What major scientists were involved in its
formulation and what was each of their contributions?