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Kirkwall Grammar School
Biology
DNA, RNA, Proteins & Genetic
Engineering
Pupil Booklet
Name
____________________
Class
____________________
Teacher____________________
(KGS N4N5)
1. What is DNA?
1. State the name of the small packets of
information found on a chromosome?
2. What are genes made up of?
3. What are the 4 bases that make up
DNA?
2. What is DNA?
4. Describe the basic structure of DNA
5. Which bases pair up together?
(Note: these are called the
“Complementary base pairs”)
2
3. DNA Code
6. Complete the blanks
DNA carries the genetic code for making Proteins
The DNA ______________ of bases codes for the order of
________
_______
Amino Acids join together to make a ____________
The sequence of ___________ ___________ determines which type of
protein gets made
3
4. What is mRNA?
7.
State the 2 main jobs of mRNA
1.
_______________________________________________
2.
_______________________________________________
5. How do proteins get made?
8.
State the 4 steps involved in
making a protein
4
6. Where do proteins get made?
9. Label the diagram
Carefully read and learn the following steps
1.
In nucleus, mRNA copies DNA code for making protein
2.
mRNA moves out nucleus into cytoplasm and carries code to a
Ribosome
3.
At a Ribosome, amino acids line up according to the code
4.
The protein is made (assembled) at the Ribosome
5.
The protein is released from the cell
5
6. Where do proteins get made?
In groups practice learning the steps involved in making a protein – use
page 6 to help you.
7. Different types of proteins
10.
What determines which type of protein gets made?
11.
State 4 different types of proteins
8a) Proteins & Genetic Engineering
12. What is Genetic Engineering?
13. List the steps in Genetic Engineering
6
14. Label the genetic engineering diagram
7
8b) Genetic Modifications
15. What is meant by Genetic Modification?
16. Give examples of some GM Organisms and their uses
8