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Transcript
CELL (CHAPTERS 4 & 5) TOPICS AT THE END OF THIS UNIT YOU SHOULD KNOW THE FOLLOWING: Levels of organization in the human body from atom organism The four basic characteristics/structures all cells have 3 supporting statements of cell theory Hooke and Leewenhoek’s contributions to the discovery of cells The composition and structure and parts of the cell (plasma) membrane (i.e. phospholipids, proteins, steroids/cholesterol, carbohydrates) Integral vs peripheral proteins What regions of the membrane are polar and nonpolar Understand the fluid mosaic model The differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes Which organelles are membrane bound Identify the organelles of an animal, plant, and prokaryotic cell and be able to label diagrams of each Be able to identify if a cell is a plant, animal, or prokaryotic cell What an organelle is and the function of each organelle (for all cell types) What makes plant, animal, and prokaryotic cells different The function of the cell membrane and selectively permeability Know what is passive transport and active transport Know why passive transport is different from active transport (concentration gradients and energy use) Types of passive transport (osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion) and how they differ Examples of each type of passive transport Parts of a solution (solute vs solvent) Know what makes a solution hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic Equilibrium (solute) Determine which direction water (or solutes) will move across a cell membrane Predict the movement of water across a cell membrane and the effect on the cell The importance of surface area-to-volume ratios Importance of cells being so small Types of active transport (sodium/potassium pumps, exocytosis, endocytosis, phagocytosis) and how they differ