Download What gene does this sequence represent in human

生物資料庫 HW1 9661819 許智淵
Q1: What gene does this sequence represent in human? What is its GI number?
GenBank Accession number? Gene symbol? Unigene ID?
Ans: This sequence represents erythropoietin gene in human. Its GI number is
62240996. Its GenBank Accession number is NM_000799. Its Gene symbol is EPO.
Its Unigene ID is Hs.2303.
Q2: What database(s) did you search, and what tool(s) did you use in your
search? What parameter settings did you use?
Ans: I use NCBI BLAST in my search. I enter the nucleotide sequence and then
BLAST it.
Q3: Retrieve one ortholog of this gene’s complete mRNA sequence and Protein
sequence in FASTA format. Compare the results obtained by blastn vs. blastp.
Q4: Retrieve at least 5 homologenes of this gene. Perform a multiple sequence
alignment? The human sequence is most similar to what organism?
Ans: Pan troglodytes.
Q5: Is the secondary structure of this protein known? If so, how many “helical
fold”are there in its 3D protein structure? How did you determine the exact
amino acid number of each helical region?
Ans: Yes. There are 4 helical fold in its 3D protein structure.
Q6: Is the function of this protein known? If so, what does it do?
Ans: The function of this protein is known. This gene is a member of the EPO/TPO
family and encodes a secreted, glycosylated cytokine composed of four alpha helical
bundles. The protein is found in the plasma and regulates red cell production by
promoting erythroid differentiation and initiating hemoglobin synthesis. This protein
also has neuroprotective activity against a variety of potential brain injuries and
antiapoptotic functions in several tissue types.
Q7: Which normal human tissues is this gene mainly expressed in? How did you
determine this?
Ans: This gene is a member of the EPO/TPO family and encodes a secreted,
glycosylated cytokine composed of four alpha helical bundles. The protein is found in
the plasma and regulates red cell production by promoting erythroid differentiation
and initiating hemoglobin synthesis. This protein also has neuroprotective activity
against a variety of potential brain injuries and antiapoptotic functions in several
tissue types.
Q8: Is this protein involved in any biological pathway(s)? If so, what does the
pathway do?
Ans: This protein is involved in Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,
Hematopoietic cell lineage, and Jak-STAT signaling pathway. The protein is found in
the plasma and regulates red cell production by promoting erythroid differentiation
and initiating hemoglobin synthesis. This protein also has neuroprotective activity
against a variety of potential brain injuries and antiapoptotic functions in several
tissue types.
Q9: Do any other databases contain information about the superfamily of this
target gene product? Which superfamily? How did you find out?
Ans: GeneCard contains information about the superfamily of this target gene product.
It belongs to the EPO/TPO family
Q10:Look for publications relevant to the function(s) of this protein in the
biomedical literature. Show one abstract of a relevant article.
Ans: Erythropoietin (Epo) is a pleiotropic agent, that is to say, it can act on several
cell types in different ways. An independent system Epo/Epo receptor (EpoR) was
detected in brain, leading to the hypothesis that this hormone could be involved in
cerebral functions. Epo/EpoR expression changes during ontogenesis, thus indicating
the importance of this system in neurodevelopment. Moreover, the hypoxia-induced
production of Epo in the adult brain suggests that it could exert a neurotrophic and
neuroprotective effect in case of brain injury. Epo could also influence
neurotransmission, inducing neurotransmitters (NT) release. Epo therapy in anemic
cancer patients is still a controversial issue, because of its possible action as a growth
and an angiogenic factor. In our speculative hypothesis Epo could be involved in a
"two steps process" that, after a neovascularization phase, leads to its down regulation.
Moreover, Epo-activated signaling pathways could be modulated as possible targets
to interfere in neoplastic cells cycle. In conclusion, treatment with rHuEpo could
change therapeutical perspectives in different pathological conditions, such as central
nervous system (CNS) diseases, but further studies are needed to clarify its
physiopathological activities in different clinical fields.
PMID: 15389732 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Q11:Show the protein 3-D structure if there is any.
Q1: The zebra fish homolog is located on which chromosome? And in Human?
Ans: The zebra fish homolog is located on chromosome 7. And Human is also located
on chromosome 7.
Q2: Perform a cDNA and Polypeptide sequence alignment between human and
zebra fish of this gene.
Q3: How many exons does this gene have in zebrafish? How did you determine
this?
Ans: This gene has 5 exons in zebrafish.
Q4: What is the expression pattern of this gene in zebrafish? In human? In
mouse?
Ans: The expression pattern of the expression pattern in zebrafish can not be found.