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Transcript
Mapping Life (Genomics) Genomics is the use of the information collected in The Human Genome Project and similar projects for other organisms. Once the sequence of DNA that makes a gene is known, the information can be used to repair problems or improve the organism. Plant genes can be changed to make the plant more resistant to drought, to better withstand attacks by pests, or to use nutrients more efficiently. That could save resources, like fertilizer and water. Animal genes can be altered to improve resistance to disease or increase the strength of work animals. Also, the ability of food animals to convert feed to meat or produce a more nutritious meat can be made more efficient. Human genomics shows great promise in health and medicine. At the present time we know about some mutations that can cause health problems. Genomics offers the possibility of correcting defective genes and eliminating those health problems. This may be done by inserting correct genes that override the effect of the damaged gene, or it may be done by inserting the “good” gene in the egg before mitosis produces the complete human. Bioinformatics is the convergence (coming together) of Computer Science and Genetics. It is important for genomic data to be organized and stored in ways that can be accessed and manipulated by genomic researchers. Questions to Talk about and/or Research: Why would some people be opposed to modifying plant or animal genes? What might be some dangers of modifying a plant’s genes? What does GMO stand for? Find a food item labeled non-GMO and explain why some people would prefer it. Research Ideas Genetic mapping biotechnology GMO
