Download Cell Division and Cancer Study Guide

Cell Division and Cancer Study Guide
Cell Division
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Nucleus – organelle where a person’s genetic information is contained
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Centromere – joins sister chromatids together
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Cell cycle – begins with a parent cell
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Interphase – cell grows in size as it prepares for mitosis; longest phase of the cell cycle
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Prophase - 46 pairs of chromosomes by the end of this phase
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Metaphase – chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
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Anaphase – chromosome pairs separate and move to poles of the cell
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Centrioles – helps pull chromatids apart (in animal cells)
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Telophase – new nuclear membrane forms around 2 sets of chromatin
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Cytokinesis – final stage of cell cycle where division of the cell membrane occurs
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Daughter cells – two identical cells formed at the end of the cell cycle; have the same amount of
chromosomes as the parent cell
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Cell plate – forms during cytokinesis in plant cells; made of cellulose deposits
Cancer
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Tumor – mass of cancer cells
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United States – hotspot of breast cancer
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5% of hereditary cancers make up all cancers
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Increase in lung cancer deaths occurred because of rations of cigarettes handed out to soldiers during war
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The chance of cancer increases in females with early puberty and late motherhood
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Cancer spreads when tumor cells break off and travel through the circulatory system
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Cancer treatments
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Surgery – physically remove the tumor and surrounding tissue
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Radiation – use of high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells
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Chemotherapy – use of drugs to kill cancer cells
Reduce risk of developing cancer
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Healthy lifestyle
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Limit sun exposure
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No smoking, drinking, drug use
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Regular physical examinations
Stages of Mitosis