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GLOBAL APPROACHES TO
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
Saleem Huq
IIED
Santiago, Chile - 19 November 2007
Key Questions
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Adaptation to climate change - not mitigation
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How is climate addressed in:
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Policy-making and overarching strategies
National/sector planning,
Development decision-making,
Regional economic development
Impact assessment procedures (e.g. EIA, SEA)
Etc.
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National – Local levels
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IIED programme
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IIED programme to help interested countries
address climate change adaptation in policies,
plans & programmes
Initial pilot national workshops
(Vietnam & Chile)
Range of stakeholders
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Government
Private sector / businesses
Civil society
Key Seminar/Workshop Goals
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Determine the extent of awareness of, and share
knowledge about, the challenges posed by climate
change
Identify what steps the country is already taking or
methods being used to incorporate responses to
climate change in policy-making and planning,
particularly through the role of the official national
climate change focal points (highlighting interesting
case examples)
Identify opportunities for improvement, key questions
that would need to be addressed, possible methods
and available skills and capacity
Possible On-Going Programme
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Developing resource materials including basic
methodological approaches and specific questions for
considering climate change adaptation issues
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Pilot testing some of these approaches
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Evaluation of lessons learned; and possibly
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Establishing a website with information and tools for
considering climate change adaptation issues in
development policies, plans and programs.
Impacts of Climate Change
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Case of Calgary, Canada
Future Changes in Climate
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Rainfall
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Global temperatures are likely to increase by 1.1 to 6.4°C from 1990
to 2100 (best estimates 1.8 to 5.4)
Sea level rise
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Decreased water availability and drought in mid-latitudes and semiarid low latitudes
Temperature
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Increased water availability in moist tropics and high latitudes
Sea levels are likely to rise in the range of 22-34 cm between 1990
and the 2080s (60/77 largest cities on the coast in LA)
Extreme events
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More frequent and more intense (droughts, floods); unpredictability
(seasons timing)
Impacts of Climate Change on LA
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Increased number of floods and droughts
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effects on food production, provision of water, viability of
ecosystems and environmental services
Glaciers have receded (without precedents in the last
10,000 years)
Entire regions affected by climate change
Plants and animals displaced or perished
Increasing intensity of storms and hurricanes
Shifted vectors for diseases such as malaria or
Chaga’s disease to regions where they did not exist
El Niño – more frequent and severe
Positive impacts? – probably only short-term
Examples of Adaptation Needs
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To Address Adverse
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Glaciar recession
Erratic behaviour of rainfall and
temperature
Drought
Flood (riverine and flash flood)
Salinity Intrusion
Impacted Sector
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Water Resources
Agriculture, forestry, fishery
Tourism
Human Settlement
Health
Biodiversity
Infrastructure and Industries
Adaptation Need:
Scale of Problems and
Distribution of Poverty
The case of
Bangladesh
Approaches to Adaptation
to Climate Change
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National Level
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Formulation of National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) –
identified immediate and urgent adaptation needs
Creation of a National Committee to facilitate implementation of
NAPA
Preparation National Capacity Self-Assessment (NCSA) Report –
identified capacity need to meet commitments
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Screening of Development Portfolio of Donor Agencies
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Partnerships with private sector
Sectoral Level
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Awareness and Capacity Building on Climate to integrate climate
change in the sectoral policy, programme and plan – early stage
Approaches to Adaptation
to Climate Change
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Local Government and Community Level
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Local Government need to be brought in as adaptation is very
context specific
Non-government Organizations (international and national) have
started activities to adaptation
Knowledge Gap, Research and Sharing
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Effectiveness of existing coping strategies and practices under
warmer climate
Research on links between climate change and other aspect e.g.
health
Sharing Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change is going on
– IIED and BCAS in association with RING;
Development and testing methodology for CBA
Some general recommendations
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Map national
vulnerabilities
Support communitybased coping strategies
and disaster risk
reduction
Increase support for
small-scale agriculture
Increase support for
conserving biodiversity
and stop deforestation
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Clean and efficient
energy
Sustainable urban
development
Implement existing
agreements on env &
dev
Apply new standards
for private-sector
Thank You
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