Climate Change Effects and Adaptation Approaches in Marine and
... Implications of climate change for ecosystems, habitats, and species Climate change effects, independently or in combination, are fundamentally altering ocean ecosystems. 65 Effects on habitats (habitat loss and transition) and species (invasive species interactions, range shifts and phenological de ...
... Implications of climate change for ecosystems, habitats, and species Climate change effects, independently or in combination, are fundamentally altering ocean ecosystems. 65 Effects on habitats (habitat loss and transition) and species (invasive species interactions, range shifts and phenological de ...
1MB - IPCC
... Apparently it needs an introduction or providing aims and structures of the Topic 3 before the section 3.1. An introduction of the TOPIC 3 will be much helpful for readers to understand the main findings, messaged and lessons gained through AR 5 cross over issues. Please refer to the’ WGIII TS.1 Int ...
... Apparently it needs an introduction or providing aims and structures of the Topic 3 before the section 3.1. An introduction of the TOPIC 3 will be much helpful for readers to understand the main findings, messaged and lessons gained through AR 5 cross over issues. Please refer to the’ WGIII TS.1 Int ...
PDF
... Vulnerability assessments can play a vital role in the design of appropriate adaptation and mitigation policies targeted towards climate change and its impacts on marine and aquatic ecosystems, and those who depend upon these resources for their livelihoods and well-being. Assessing which particular ...
... Vulnerability assessments can play a vital role in the design of appropriate adaptation and mitigation policies targeted towards climate change and its impacts on marine and aquatic ecosystems, and those who depend upon these resources for their livelihoods and well-being. Assessing which particular ...
the climate crisis: national security, public health, and economic
... the climate change debate, and I have said at nearly every climate change hearing that for me, I don’t dispute the science. Right or wrong, the debate over the modeling and science appears to be over. We have got to get past that and look at our policy options and consequences of the actions that we ...
... the climate change debate, and I have said at nearly every climate change hearing that for me, I don’t dispute the science. Right or wrong, the debate over the modeling and science appears to be over. We have got to get past that and look at our policy options and consequences of the actions that we ...
Stern Review: The Economics of Climate Change
... STERN REVIEW: The Economics of Climate Change models of the global effects – shows that climate change will have serious impacts on world output, on human life and on the environment. All countries will be affected. The most vulnerable – the poorest countries and populations – will suffer earliest ...
... STERN REVIEW: The Economics of Climate Change models of the global effects – shows that climate change will have serious impacts on world output, on human life and on the environment. All countries will be affected. The most vulnerable – the poorest countries and populations – will suffer earliest ...
America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the
... global climate change, including the science and technology challenges involved, and to provide advice on the most effective steps and most promising strategies that can be taken to respond. The Committee on America’s Climate Choices is responsible for providing overall direction, coordination, and ...
... global climate change, including the science and technology challenges involved, and to provide advice on the most effective steps and most promising strategies that can be taken to respond. The Committee on America’s Climate Choices is responsible for providing overall direction, coordination, and ...
EFFECTS OF CHANGING TEMPERATURES ON CORAL REEF
... Human-induced climate change has already led to substantial changes in a variety of ecosystems. Coral reefs are particularly vulnerable to rises in ocean temperature as a result of climate change because they already live near their thermal limits. However, we know little about the spatial patterns ...
... Human-induced climate change has already led to substantial changes in a variety of ecosystems. Coral reefs are particularly vulnerable to rises in ocean temperature as a result of climate change because they already live near their thermal limits. However, we know little about the spatial patterns ...
Estimation of the direct radiative forcing due to sulfate and soot
... Hansen et al. (1997) show that a mixture of soot and sulfate aerosols may further increase the importance of the absorption by soot aerosols. The concept radiative forcing is introduced as a simple tool to compare different radiatively active components that influence the radiative balance. It is us ...
... Hansen et al. (1997) show that a mixture of soot and sulfate aerosols may further increase the importance of the absorption by soot aerosols. The concept radiative forcing is introduced as a simple tool to compare different radiatively active components that influence the radiative balance. It is us ...
CSIRO_PHILCCAP_Report_FNL
... or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, scientific and technical advice. To the extent permitted by law, CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any ...
... or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, scientific and technical advice. To the extent permitted by law, CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any ...
Major impacts of climate change on deep
... The deep sea encompasses the largest ecosystems on Earth. Although poorly known, deep seafloor ecosystems provide services that are vitally important to the entire ocean and biosphere. Rising atmospheric greenhouse gases are bringing about significant changes in the environmental properties of the o ...
... The deep sea encompasses the largest ecosystems on Earth. Although poorly known, deep seafloor ecosystems provide services that are vitally important to the entire ocean and biosphere. Rising atmospheric greenhouse gases are bringing about significant changes in the environmental properties of the o ...
Effects of a changing climate on peatlands in permafrost
... accumulation is measured by: (1) dating of surface peat with specified tracers, such as 210Pb and 137Cs that provide decadal to century (e.g., 50 to 200 years) timescales of peat accumulation [e.g., recent C accumulation (RECA) rates; Oldfield et al. 1995] and (2) radiocarbon (14C) dating of basal p ...
... accumulation is measured by: (1) dating of surface peat with specified tracers, such as 210Pb and 137Cs that provide decadal to century (e.g., 50 to 200 years) timescales of peat accumulation [e.g., recent C accumulation (RECA) rates; Oldfield et al. 1995] and (2) radiocarbon (14C) dating of basal p ...
Vulnerability ofPaci c Island agriculture and forestry to climate change
... undertaken in the region and, as a result, many gaps in the knowledge base relevant to the food production systems across the Pacific remain. Of those assessments that do exist, many have often been based on extrapolations from international research undertaken elsewhere. If farmers, scientists and ...
... undertaken in the region and, as a result, many gaps in the knowledge base relevant to the food production systems across the Pacific remain. Of those assessments that do exist, many have often been based on extrapolations from international research undertaken elsewhere. If farmers, scientists and ...
An Analysis of Adaptation as a Response to Climate Change
... might be substantial if no immediate global action is undertaken. Even if all radiative forcing agents were held constant at the 2000 level, a further warming would be observed due to the inertia of oceans (IPCC, 2007). According to the main IPCC scenarios, world-average temperature is likely to inc ...
... might be substantial if no immediate global action is undertaken. Even if all radiative forcing agents were held constant at the 2000 level, a further warming would be observed due to the inertia of oceans (IPCC, 2007). According to the main IPCC scenarios, world-average temperature is likely to inc ...
Climate Change Adaptation by Federal Agencies: An Analysis Jane A. Leggett, Coordinator
... This report reviews current actions (as of January 2015) of selected federal departments and agencies to adapt their own missions, infrastructure, operations, and personnel to projected climate change. (It does not address federal programs meant primarily to assist others to adapt, although the boun ...
... This report reviews current actions (as of January 2015) of selected federal departments and agencies to adapt their own missions, infrastructure, operations, and personnel to projected climate change. (It does not address federal programs meant primarily to assist others to adapt, although the boun ...
Free version - Derek Lemoine
... Our results indicate strong interactions between the different tipping points. A simple analytic theory model cannot determine whether the joint policy effect of multiple tipping points is larger or smaller than the sum of the adjustments derived from individual tipping point models. On the one hand ...
... Our results indicate strong interactions between the different tipping points. A simple analytic theory model cannot determine whether the joint policy effect of multiple tipping points is larger or smaller than the sum of the adjustments derived from individual tipping point models. On the one hand ...
Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Transportation
... Gulf of Mexico Regional Director, Minerals Management Service (MMS); Harold “Skip” Paul, Director of Research, Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development; Tom Podany, Assistant Chief, Planning, Programs, and Project Management Division, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District; ...
... Gulf of Mexico Regional Director, Minerals Management Service (MMS); Harold “Skip” Paul, Director of Research, Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development; Tom Podany, Assistant Chief, Planning, Programs, and Project Management Division, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District; ...
Compendium of Yukon Climate Change Science
... major climatic shifts, including the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age, and how these changes compare with those most recently experienced during the period of instrumental records. In reference to the latter, details are noted about observed trends in temperature and precipitation that ha ...
... major climatic shifts, including the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age, and how these changes compare with those most recently experienced during the period of instrumental records. In reference to the latter, details are noted about observed trends in temperature and precipitation that ha ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.