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Master Thesis - Erasmus University Thesis Repository
Master Thesis - Erasmus University Thesis Repository

... Depictions of the world in the media result from a series of choices such as whether an issue will make the news, what highlight it will be given, and who is going to speak for it. Operations of codification of the issue into media discourse are directed by its perceived interest and impact, as well ...
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and the Highway System
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and the Highway System

... Major trends affecting the future of the United States and the world will dramatically reshape transportation priorities and needs. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials established the NCHRP Project 20-83 research series to examine global and domestic long-range str ...
Quantifying the cost of climate change impacts on local
Quantifying the cost of climate change impacts on local

... © Local Government Association of South Australia This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the copyright holder. Please cite this report as: Balston, JM, Kellett, J, Wells, G, ...
Policy Implications of Warming Permafrost
Policy Implications of Warming Permafrost

... Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane emissions from thawing permafrost could amplify warming due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. This amplification is called the permafrost carbon feedback. Permafrost contains ~1700 gigatonnes (Gt) of carbon in the form of frozen organic matter, almost twice ...
Assessing the costs of adaptation to climate
Assessing the costs of adaptation to climate

Climatology of Freeze-Thaw Days in the Conterminous United
Climatology of Freeze-Thaw Days in the Conterminous United

Wolf, J. and Susanne C. Moser (2011). Individual understandings
Wolf, J. and Susanne C. Moser (2011). Individual understandings

... Adaptation Opportunities and Barriers in New England, research was part of a large multi-collaborator climate change impacts assessment for the Northeast (NECIA). Also member of the synthesis team for the entire assessment. Public Participation in Environmental Assessment and Decision Making. Invite ...
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... warmest since instrumental records began in the nineteenth century, and contained 9 of the 10 warmest years ever recorded. The causes of this change are increasingly well understood. The Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, published in 2001, goes further than it ...
Climate change and human health
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Floating Houses and Mosquito Nets: Emerging Climate
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Scoping study: Modelling the interaction between mitigation and adaptation
Scoping study: Modelling the interaction between mitigation and adaptation

Considering Vermont`s Future in a Changing Climate: The First
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... directly to the impacts of climate change as they pertain to our rural towns, cities and communities, including impacts on Vermont tourism and recreation, agriculture, natural resources and energy. A Call for Action in Vermont Climate change is no longer a thing of the future; it is affecting Vermon ...
Chapters X and XI: Appendices and Bibliography
Chapters X and XI: Appendices and Bibliography

... threshold that a growing number of political leaders have stated their intention to avoid.3171 At the high end, scenario A1FI results in even higher climate forcing by 2100 than A2 or A1B.3172 Mid-2000s global emissions of CO2 exceeded even the A1FI scenario.3173 Downscaled Climate Models Note: Whil ...
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... The changing climate is a significant driver of biodiversity and is already altering many ecosystems throughout the Americas. It is necessary to prevent and mitigate these changes to preserve the biodiversity and ecological integrity of the region. At the same time, governments, organizations, indus ...
Simulating northern peatland-atmosphere carbon
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Global Monsoon Dynamics and Climate Change
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... Access provided by Marine Biological Laboratory - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution on 12/01/16. For personal use only. ...
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The dependence of clear-sky outgoing long

... (Pierrehumbert 1995). Bony et al. (1997) explained the SGE occurrence by considering the changes in the convective regime associated with the large-scale circulations over the seasonal and interannual time-scale. The present study uses a simulation of the earth’s clear-sky long-wave radiation budget ...
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... GRF Davos Planet@Risk, Volume 3, Number 1, Special Issue on the 5th IDRC Davos 2014, March 2015 tinents, but also over temperate and boreal zones (Andreae and Merlet, 2001). Smoke aerosols perturb regional and global radiation budgets through their lightscaering effects and influences on cloud micro ...
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Quote l` `Sc,[eI/lvGe Ls, tJour whore, C1l/1vd tJou wLLL rLde her

... On Sep 14, 2015, at 11:18 AM, J Shukla wrote: Dear Dr. Holdren, It has been a long time since I have had email correspondence with you. I do hope this email will reach your office. Please find enclosed a letter to the President, the Attorney General, and you, reiterating the positi ...
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Climate Proofing: A Risk-based Approach to Adaptation
Climate Proofing: A Risk-based Approach to Adaptation

... decommissioning. Climate variability – Variations in climatic conditions (average, extreme events, etc.) on time and space scales beyond that of individual weather events, but not persisting for extended periods of, typically, decades or longer (i.e., shorter term). Variability may be due to natural ...
The State of Marine and Coastal Adaptation in North America: A
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... Marine and coastal areas in North America already experience a multitude of climate change related impacts. These changes are beginning to affect ecological and socioeconomic aspects of marine and coastal systems. In this section, we provide a brief overview of the current and projected manifestatio ...
Assessing the Determinants Facilitating Local Vulnerabilities and
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... factors that aggregate at the local level to shape climate change outcomes. This unique conceptual background directly informs a mixed-methodological design that integrates surveys, climate trend modeling and geospatial mapping to evaluate how climate change is unfolding onthe-ground to influence lo ...
Dynamics, Stratospheric Ozone, and Climate Change
Dynamics, Stratospheric Ozone, and Climate Change

... et al., 2006). However, they are of limited spatial extent and, for the most part, there is no longer any dynamical distinction between polar and mid-latitude regions in summer. This is reflected in the long-term ozone trends which differ between polar and middle latitudes during the winter and spri ...
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Global warming hiatus



A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.
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