Download DNA Fingerprinting

Warm-up / EOC Prep
1. DNA that is derived from the DNA of two or more
different species is called —
A. recombinant DNA
C. Plasmid
B. mitochondrial DNA
D. chloroplast DNA
2. Albino individuals lack all pigmentation so that
their hair and skin are white. This family tree
shows that albinism —
A. is carried only by females in this family
B. is a recessive genetic trait
C. is a sex-linked gene
D. requires both parents to
be albinos
Agenda
 Warm-up
 Notes
 Virtual Lab (on back of notes)
 DNA Fingerprinting Practice
 Clean-up
 Cool down
DNA FINGERPRINTING
DNA Fingerprinting
 Other than identical twins, no two
individuals have the same genetic
material. Scientists can use DNA
sequencing gel technology to determine a
DNA fragment’s nucleotide sequence.
DNA Fingerprinting
 Restriction enzymes are enzymes that cut
in very specific places in a DNA sequence.
Therefore if cut with the same restriction
enzyme, the DNA of two different
individuals will have different DNA
fragment lengths
DNA Fingerprinting
 These DNA fragments of different lengths,
often called RFLPs or Restriction
Fragment Length Polymorphisms, are used
to determine how closely related
members of a population are to one
another and to identify individuals
DNA Fingerprinting
 A DNA fingerprint is a pattern of dark bands on
photographic film that is made when an
individual’s DNA restriction fragments are
separated by gel electrophoresis and exposed to
an X-ray film. Because restriction enzymes cut
the DNA from different individuals into DNA
fragments of different lengths (RFLPs), each
individual has a unique pattern of banding or
DNA fingerprint.
Southern Blotting
DNA Fingerprinting
Determination of an individual’s unique
collection of DNA restriction fragments
DNA Fingerprinting
 The banding patterns of two individuals
can be compared to establish whether
they are related, such as in a paternity
case. Because it can be performed on a
sample of DNA found in blood, semen,
bone, or hair, DNA fingerprinting is useful
in forensics.
DNA Fingerprinting
 DNA fingerprints are also valuable for
identifying genes that cause genetic
disorders.
DNA Fingerprinting
Crime Scene
Suspect 1
Suspect 2
Suspect 3
Suspect 4
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DNA Fingerprinting
Species 1
Species 2
Species 3
Species 4
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REVIEW
 Heterozygous or homozygous?
 Aa
 Tt
 ss
 HH
 rr
 yY
 PP
 What Blood type is it?
 OO
 AA
 BO
 AB
 BB
 AO
 If a cell starting meiosis has 40 chromosomes,
how many chromosomes will the daughter cells
have?
 20 chromosomes
 If a cell starting mitosis has 4 chromosomes, how
many chromosomes will the daughter cells have?
 4 chromosomes
 Complete the Ima Mystery Case
worksheet (found on the back of guided
notes 40)
 GGGGG
DNA from
site
# of
fragments
3
Size of
fragments
5, 10, 5
AATTCACGAG
AATTC
 FIND A PARTNER!!
 Every pair needs one stopwatch!
 Use your notes, textbook, vocabulary sheets
to complete the Vocabulary Matching.
 See how fast you can complete it!
 After you finish, cover up the answers and
see if you can do it faster this time!
 Put your team’s time on the back board.
Cool-Down
1. If HaeIII was used to cut the DNA
sequence below, how many fragments
would result? (HaeIII cuts between
guanine and cytosine)
ATCTCACCGGTA
TAGAGTGGCCAT
2. What are two ways to use the information
from gel electrophoresis?
Warm-Up / EOC Prep
1. A chart of human chromosome pairs
is called a karyotype. What
information is revealed in the
karyotype above?
A. Gene dominance B. The age
C. The sex
D. Trisomy
2. The DNA fingerprints were made
from blood samples taken from a
puppy and four possible sires of this
puppy in an effort to determine the
puppy’s pedigree. According to this
information, which sire was probably
the father of this puppy?
A
B
C
D