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Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Organelles that are formed of
interrelated membranes and
constitute a cytoplasmic
network that works together
to synthesize, store and
export important molecules
compose what is called the
Endomembrane System.
Gk: Endo – inside reticulum – net
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Rough and
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Gk: Endo – inside reticulum – net
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
membrane
ribosomes
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The ER is a network of sacs
that manufactures, processes, and
transports chemical compounds for use
inside and outside of the cell. Rough ER
is the site of phospholipid and protein
synthesis, protein secretion, and the
production of bilayer, protein studded
membranes. It is attached to the doublelayered nuclear envelope, connecting
between the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
ER Surface &
Lumen
Polypeptide
Messenger
Ribosome
Ribosomes
Finished
Growing
Starting Ribosomes
Ready
“Docking
Polypeptide
Sequence
halves
to
RNA
be
Break-away
Shaped
Ports”
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
The ER “cistern” contains a type
of proteins called “Chaperones”
which help “fold” newly created
polypeptide chains into their
complex shapes.
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Quaternary
Polypeptide
Alpha-Helix
Tertiary Structure
Structure
hemoglobin
Gk: Ribo ~ RNA some – body
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Large Subunit
Small
Subunit
Ribosomes
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
mRNA
Gk: Ribo ~ RNA some – body
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Ribosomes “string together” or
amino acids monomers into
polypeptide chains; the first step in
the process manufacturing of
cellular proteins. Ribosomes are
associated with the ER and are
composed of RNA (60%) and
proteins (40%).
Camillo Golgi ~ Italian biologist
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Golgi
apparatus
Camillo Golgi ~ Italian biologist
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Transport
Vesicle
Golgi
apparatus
RS
SS
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Vesicles from ER
Vesicles leaving the Gogi Complex
Camillo Golgi ~ Italian biologist
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Golgi apparatus, membranous sacs
associated with ER, process, package
and “warehouses” proteins and lipids
for use in the cell.
The Golgi Body, as it is sometimes
called, also synthesizes
polysaccharides (complex
carbohydrates) and transports them
to where they are needed.
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Gk: Vacu - empty
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Vacuoles-are membranous sacs containing
proteins and polysaccharides that
support specific functions.
-come in different shapes, sizes and
serve a variety of functions.
-some hold food, some store water,
some compartmentalize vital
chemicals, some concentrate the
waste products of cell metabolism.
A living Paramecium
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Cytoplasm
Plant Cells
Central Vacuole
Turgor Pressure
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Cell Wall
Plant Cells
Plasma Membrane
Wilting
Gk: lysis - breakdown some – body
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Lysosomes are called
suicide sacks. They are
produced by the Golgi
apparatus and contain
powerful digestive
enzymes.
Gk: lysis - breakdown some – body
Life’s Inner Community Endomembrane System
Lysosomes-compartmentalize digestive
enzymes safely isolating them from
the rest of the cytoplasm.
-fuse to food vacuoles and digest
the contents.
-fuse to “captured” vacuoles and
destroy harmful bacteria.
-engulf and recycle old organelles
1
2
Got Milk?
3
4
3Ribosomes
read
thein
21456
7-–mRNA
Got
After
Protein
The
Vacuoles
Milk?
protein
being
milk
caring
Need
containing
protein
shaped
caring
vesicle
Milk!
mRNA
recipe,
connect
recipe
the
from
finished
vacuoles
rough
the
is
milk
released
ER
fuse
ER,
fuses
protein
the
with
into
“half
with
the
Yum,
meal
time!
the
amino
acids
the
baked”
pinch
plasma
cytoplasm
receiving
off
proteins
membrane
the sending
side
leave
of the
gathered
from
the
Golgi
side
releasing
smooth
ofapparatus.
the
milk
Golgi
ERthe
proteins
asbody.
a
5 cytoplasm
by tRNA.
vesicle
into thebound
“milk
ducts”
for the of
These
proteins
Golgi
mammalian
apparatus.
breast
6
polypeptide
chains pass
tissue.
through pores in the ER
7membrane.
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