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Wed Sept 12 & Friday Sept 14
Problem

Suppose the following:
V CO2  0.25 L min 1

V O2  0.25 L min 1
What is the metabolic power (P)?
1
1
P  0.25 L min * 21.1 kJ*L / 60smin  0.088kW
-1
Reactions that Maintain Redox w/o O2
glucose
glycogen
ATP
ADP
Anaerobic
Glycolysis
Efficiency
of
Anaerobic
Metabolism
G6P
Pi
ATP
ADP
F1',6' DP (P-6C-P)
2ATP
2ADP + 2P i
2(NADH + H+)
Glycolysis
2NAD+
2ATP
2ADP
knp
2 (pyruvate)
CH3--C -- COO||
O
2 (lactate)
CH3--CH -- COO|
OH
glucose ----> 2 lactate - 196.7 KJ/mol
from glucose: 2 ~P * 30.54 KJ = 61.08 kJ
from glyc ogen: 3 ~P * 30.54 KJ = 9 1.63 kJ
Efficiency = 61.1 / 196.7 * 100 = 31%
Control of Metabolism
[ATP] regulation is a problem given that demand can,
especially in muscles, increase dramatically in a short period
of time.
The concept of pathway flux (overall rate -- mols/(product
time)
Equibrial and non-equilibrial reactions and control of flux
PFK and glycogen phosphorylase as examples of nonequilibrial reactions.
Inhibition and de-inhibition; activation.
Association/Dissociation Constants as
Organizers
The concept of Kd
What should be the relative values of Kd for AMP and
ATP on the regulatory sites of PFK?
Where should the Kd for AMP and ATP be compared to
normal “resting” concentrations of these substances?
Final Word on Metabolic Regulation
Think about genetics, natural selection and the
operation of negative feedback systems at the
molecular level -- and their effects on the
macrophenotype.
Relationship Between Power Input and Output
Power Input, P i
Power
Power Output, P o
0
Start Exercise
Increase Level
Time
End Exercise
Aerobic and Output Power in Organisms that
Depend on Blood to Deliver Oxygen
Possible Relationships Between Phosphagen
and ATP During Heavy Exercise
C~P
Creatine
Conc.
ATP
ADP
Time
Anaerobic and Phosphagen Metabolism:
Unsustainable Exercise
Relatiove Aerobic, Anaerobic & Phosphagen
Metab During an Upwards P Transition
~P from ATP
~P from C~P
~P from Anaerobic Metabolism
~P from aerobic metabolism
[lactic acid]
knp
Time
Important Measures of Metabolic Performance
•
•
•
•
MET (factorial metabolic scope)
Absolute metabolic scope
VO2 max
Anaerobic Threshold
Training and Anaerobic Performance
The O2 Deficit - the Recovery O2 Concept
EPOC at Higher Exercise Levels
We may get to the next slides, but more
likely on Monday
Exceeding Maximum Aerobic Power
EPOC At Aerobically Unsustainable Activity Levels
Rapid and Slow Phases of Recovery
Terms
• Alactacid
• Lactacid
• Problems with these concepts?
Maximum Sustainable Exercise Times and
Contributions of Different Fueling Systems
Metabolism -- ~P Homeostasis (reference)
The Central Role of ATP in Cellular Energetics
Storage Compounds
(Carbohydrates, Fats)
Catabolic
Pathways
(Breakdown of Complex
Molecules, Aerobic and
Anaerobic ~P
production)
(SUPPLY)
(Spontaneous)
Complex Molecules (poteins, lipids, complex carbs,
protein complexes
OR
Movement and transport related processes requiring
enery such as muscle contraction and active transport)
ATP
ADP + Pi
Anabolic
Pathways
and
Movement
(DEMAND)
(NonSpontaneous)
knp
Waste Products
(Mainly CO2
and Water)
Raw Materials (Amino Acids,Simple Carbs, etc; also
protein conformations in the case of movement