Download Cell - Cobb Learning

Standard S7L2b:
Relate cells structures
(cell membranes,
nucleus, cytoplasm,
chloroplasts,
mitochondria) to basic
cell functions
Did You Know?
• We are made up of microscopic living
things called: CELLS
• There are Approximately 100
TRILLION cells in the Human Body.
100
Trillion
The Parts
• Cells are made up of Different Parts!
• Each Part has a Specific Function!
• The Parts:
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–
–
–
–
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Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies (Apparatus)
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Cell Membrane
• A protective barrier that encloses a cell.
• Regulates what enters and leaves the
cell.
– Cell Membrane is like a Fence.
Cytoplasm
• Gel-like fluid found all throughout the
cell.
• Constantly Moving (Swishing around)
• All Other Parts are Suspended in
Cytoplasm!
• Like Jell-O
The Nucleus
• DNA (our genes) Found here!
– Directs all of the cell’s activities
– tells all the other parts what to do!
• Houses Nucleolus
• Acts like the Brain!
Nucleolus
• Found INSIDE the Nucleus!
Mitochondria
• Break down Sugar to Produce all
Energy!
– In the form of ATP
– Power plant of the Cell
Where is Mitochondria??
Ribosomes
• Hooks amino acids together to make
proteins
– All cells need proteins to live
– Smallest of ALL organelles
Where are Ribosomes?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Site of many chemical reactions
• Carry proteins, lipids, and other materials
around the cell
• Two Types: Smooth and Rough
• Like Roadways
Where is the:
• Rough E.R.?
• Smooth E.R?
Golgi Bodies:
• Recieves Proteins (mail) from the E.R.
• Packages them (puts it in envelope)
• Distributes them to other parts of cell
(Mailman)
– A.K.A Golgi Apparatus or Golgi Complex
– Like Postoffice
Where are Golgi Bodies???
Vacuoles
• Stores food and water,
– Like a storage container
• In plant cells:
– Very large
– Also act like a lysosome
Where is the Vacuole?
Some Animal Cells have Vacuoles while Others Don’t!!
Lysosomes
• Contains digestive enzymes, gets rid of
waste materials and recycles old cell
parts
– Janitors of the Cell
– Found in animal cells
Where are the Lysosomes??
Cell Wall
• The outermost structure of a plant cell.
– Made of Cellulose
– Also found in fungi and prokaryotic cells
Chloroplast
• Organelle that uses the energy of
sunlight to make food (photosynthesis)
– Found in plant and algae cells
– Make the cells green
Recap:
• Cells are Made of Parts
• Each Part has a Function:
– Cytoplasm?
• Surrounds and Constantly Moves Organelles
– Nucleus?
• Brain
– Mitochondria?
• Powerplant
– Endoplasmic Reticulum?
• Roadways
– Ribosomes?
• Protein Factories
– Golgi Bodies?
• Post Office
– Vacuoles?
• Food Storage Containers
– Lysosomes?
• Janitors