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Cell Parts
NOTE!
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Your worksheet on cells has
additional material on cell parts. Be
sure to study it!
Thing 1: Nucleus
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Found in eukaryotes only.
Contains most of the cell’s DNA
(chromosomes).
Contains nucleolus, where
ribosomes are assembled.
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Ribosomes make proteins and are in
ALL cells.
“Brain,” “control center,” etc.
Thing 2: Cell membrane
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ALL cell have a cell membrane.
Helps cell sense outside
environment.
Phospholipid bilayer plus proteins
and carbohydrates.
Thing 3: Cell wall
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Prokaryotes, plants, fungi, and
some protists have a cell wall.
Provides structural support for cell.
Keeps osmosis from making cells
explode.
Thing 4: Endoplasmic reticulum
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ER is in eukaryotes only.
Rough ER helps fold and transport
proteins.
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Ribosomes make rough ER look rough.
Smooth ER makes and transports
lipids.
Thing 5: Golgi body
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Only eukaryotes have Golgi bodies.
Golgi body is made of several
separate membrane-bound
compartments.
Golgi body helps transport proteins
(and lipids) to the right locations.
Thing 6: Lysosomes
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Lysosomes are in animal cells and
some protist cells.
Contain digestive (hydrolytic)
enzymes.
Thing 7: Mitochondria
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Found in eukaryotes only.
Cellular respiration occurs in
mitochondria.
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Cellular respiration is how we get
usable energy from food.
Cellular respiration is why we need
oxygen.
Mitochondria have their own DNA
and ribosomes.
Thing 8: Chloroplasts
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Found in plants and some protists
only.
Where photosynthesis occurs.
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Photosynthesis uses energy from light
to make food from CO2 and water.
Chloroplasts have their own DNA
and ribosomes.
Thing 9: Vacuoles
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Plant cells have one big vacuole.
Other eukaryotic cells have many
small vacuoles.
Vacuoles are used for storage.
Thing 10: Flagella and cilia
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Prokaryotes and eukaryotes can
have flagella. Only eukaryotes have
cilia.
Both are used for movement.