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Cell City
Students will be able to use
analogies to create a pretend city
that works just like the cell.
Cell City Link
• http://www.summitinc.org/academy/Cell%2
0City/citylimit.html
1. Highway or Road System
• Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of
interconnecting flattened tunnels which are attached to the
outer membrane of the nucleus. The ER is the transport
network for molecules targeted for certain modifications
and specific final destinations.
2. City Border
• The cell membrane is found
directly inside the cell wall in
plants. It allows things to pass
into and out of the cell. Materials
like food and oxygen are kept
inside the cell. Waste products
and excess water are allowed to
leave. In that way the cell can
maintain correct conditions
inside the cell regardless what
the conditions may be outside
the cell. This is known as a
process called homeostasis.
3. Cell Wall
•
•
•
In a plant cell the cell wall is found outside the cell
membrane. In an animal cell, the cell membrane
forms the outer covering of the cell.
The cell wall is made of a tough material called
cellulose and acts like a fence, keeping the cell safe
from the environment. It forms a barrier between the
living material inside the cell and the environment
outside.
The cell wall also provides support for the cell.
Animal cells, unlike plant cells, do not have a rigid
cell wall.
4. Lumberyard/Construction Site:
• Ribosome
– The ribosomes are found on the
endoplasmic reticulum and
floating in the cytoplasm. The
ribosome is the protein factory of
our cells. Without protein we
wouldn't have cell membranes,
enzymes, or substance in our
bones, but the real construction
site of the cell creates the
ribosomes!
5. Post Office:
• Golgi Apparatus
• The Golgi apparatus is a bit like a factory’s
customization shop, where the finishing
touches are put on products before they
are ready to leave and “shipped” to their
final destination. The Golgi apparatus
attaches carbohydrates and lipids to them.
6. Solar Energy Plant
• Chloroplasts, found only in plant cells,
are green because they contain
chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is what captures
the energy of the sun, which can then be
used to help produce food for the plant cell
in the process of photosynthesis.
7. City Hall:
Nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the cell,
acting like the "brain." The nucleus is the largest
organelle in a cell and can usually be seen using
a light microscope. The nucleus contains the
DNA of the cell - the genetic code which allows
the cell to reproduce and which allows it to make
all the proteins it needs to carry out the normal
business of living.
8. Copy Machine/ Blueprints:
• Nucleolus
• Makes copies of the DNA that is stored in
the nucleolus.
9. Fence Around City Hall:
• Nuclear Envelope
10. Power Plant:
• Mitochondria
• The mitochondria are often called the 'power
stations' of the cell. The reactions involved are
very complex but, put very simply, the
mitochondria burn food molecules to release
energy. This energy is used by cells to do work.
This work may be building new molecules which
have a particular function in the body, or it may
be to produce movement (muscle cells, for
example).
11. Waste Disposal:
• Lysosomes are small organelles filled with
enzymes. Lysosomes also help break
down organelles that outlived their
usefulness. Lysosomes perform the vital
function of removing debris that might
otherwise accumulate and clutter up the
cell.
12. Warehouse/ Storage Unit:
• Vacuoles are used to transport and
store nutrients, waste products and
other molecules. The presence of a
vacuole enables plant cells to grow
larger than animal cells - the
expansion of a fluid filled space is a
lot less costly in terms of energy
expenditure than expansion of a cell
full of organelle-containing
cytoplasm. Vacuoles are also used
for storage of substances which the
plant needs, but which may be toxic
to the rest of the cell.