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New Subject! • For the first quarter, we discussed earth science as it relates to the atmosphere, weather, and pollution • For the second quarter, we will discuss life science, otherwise known as biology! • Biology is the study of life and living organisms! Important terms we will be using all year in biology • Classification: is a method to group and categorize organisms into groups • Just like we classify BOYS & GIRLS or TYPES OF DOGS • Organism: Any continuous living thing that is part of a biotic environment • Organisms (living things) are made of cells! What are cells? • Write-Pair-Share: What do you believe cells are? How do we know they exist? • http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-wacky-history-of-cell-theory • Write-Pair-Share: Now that you watched this short video, describe how we know cells exist CELL THEORY! 1. All living things are made of cells 2. They grow and reproduce 3. Cells are basic unit of living things Vocabulary (read BEFORE writing!) • Organelle: A tiny structure inside a cell that carries out a specific function within a cell. • Eukaryote: The type of organism that has a nucleus and contains membrane-bound organelles. Eu = DO! • Prokaryote: The type of organism that DOES NOT have a nucleus or contain membrane-bound organelles. Pro = NO (nucleus)! • Unicellular: A living organism made of only ONE cell. • Multicellular: A living organism made of MORE than one cell. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Prokaryotic Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms= made up of one cell = 1 cell For example, bacteria can be prokaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotes are multi-cellular organisms = made up of multiple cells Some eukaryotes, like humans, are made of billions of cells, and hundreds types of cells! Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic No nucleus Nucleus with a membrane/envelope Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Most prokaryotic cells have flagellum, tails for mobility THINK-PAIR-SHARE • Most prokaryotic cells have a flagella or tail for movement, while eukaryotic cells do not. Why would prokaryotic cells need to move a lot? The size of cells… Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Prokaryotic organisms are made up of a single-cell Prokaryotic have a few simple cell structures Prokaryotic organisms have no bound nucleus, called a nucleoid Eukaryotic organisms are made up of multiple cells combined together to make structures (like humans!) Eukaryotic organisms have complicated cell organelles Eukaryotic organisms have a bound nucleus