Download mutations

mutations
WHAT?.....
DO YOU SEE- WHAT HE SEES?
MUTATIONS
 CHANGE
IN DNA
 DNA ULTIMATELY DIRECTS THE
PRODUCTION OF THE PROTEINS THAT
AFFECT AN ORGANISMS METABOLISM &
DEVELOPMENT.
 MUTATIONS CAN INVOLVE ENTIRE
CHROMOSOMES OR SPECIFIC GENES.
Sickle cell anemia, down syndrome
gene
chromosome
Turners syndrome,cystic fibrosis
Duchenne muscular
dystrophy, hemophilia
Somatic mutations: mutations that take place
in the body cells DNA , but do not affect their
offspring. FYI- albinism can be the result of a
somatic or germ-line mutation
MORE MUTATION INFO:
 MUTATIONS
CAN TAKE PLACE IN GERM
CELLS (SEX CELLS) SUCH AS EGG & SPERM,
THEY DO NOT AFFECT THE ORGANISM ITSELF
BUT GET PASSED ONTO THE OFFSPRING.
 SOMATIC MUTATIONS TAKE PLACE IN BODY
CELLS AND ARE PASSED ON TO THE
DAUGHTER CELLS THROUGH MITOSIS.
mutations
 Majority
of mutations are harmful.
3 kinds:
deletion- a section of DNA is lost or deleted.
insertion- extra base pairs are inserted into a
different place on the DNA.
substitution – exchanges one base for another
such as switching A to G.
mutagens
 Environmental
factors that damage DNA.
 Examples: UV rays, radiation, cigarette,
asbestos and certain viruses.