Download DNA Protein Synthesis Review Q`s.doc

DNA and Protein Synthesis Review
Questions

What are genes

Proteins are made of chains of _______________.

How do cells use proteins?

The subunits making up polypeptides are called _________________.

How many amino acids exist?

DNA is found in the ____________ of a cell and begins the process of making a
___________.

Where are proteins made?

The first step in making a protein is to make a copy of the ___________ in the nucleus.

What nucleic acid contains the master code for making proteins?

What nucleic acids acts as a blueprint in copying the master code?

Compare and contrast the nitrogen bases on DNA and RNA.

RNA is made of a ____________ strand, while DNA is a ___________ stranded
molecule.

What is the function of mRNA?

What is the function of tRNA?

What bases pair together on RNA?

What is a codon?

What process occurs at the ribosomes?

Each codon codes for an _______________.

Can amino acids have more than one codon?

There are ______ amino acids and ______ possible codons.

Use the genetic codon table and name these amino acids:
GGC UCA? CAU? GCA? AAA?

What molecule does tRNA transport?

Opposite the attachment site on tRNA are 3 nucleotide bases called the ______________.

A codon on mRNA is complementary to an _____________ on tRNA.

What anticodon is complementary to the codon - ACU?

What is protein synthesis.

Define transcription and explain where it occurs.

What RNA copies DNA?

Can either strand of DNA copied?

What enzyme is required to copy DNA?

The DNA strand that is copied is called the _____________ strand.

What would be the complementary RNA sequence for the DNA sequence- 5'GCGTATG-3'?

What enzyme adds complementary nucleotedes to the DNA template strand to make
mRNA.

___________ are regions on DNA where RNA polymerase binds to start transcription.

Other sequences on DNA called __________ signals tell the RNA polymerase when to
stop transcribing.

How do ribosomes "read" mRNA?

The ______________ moves along the mRNA strand ________ codon at a time.

Once an amino acid is joined to the growing polypeptide chain, the tRNA leaves the
_______________ to pick up another
________________.

When a tRNA leaves the ribosome, the ribosome moves down the _________ strand
allowing another ________ and its amino acid to enter.

The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain is called the ____________ protein
structure.

A ___________ can consist of a chemical or high energy radiation and cause mistakes in
DNA replication.

1_______________ 2_______________ 3______________ are the three common kinds
of mutations found in DNA

What is a frameshift mutation?