Download Unit 3 and 4 Take Home Quiz Answer Section

Unit 3 and 4 Take Home Quiz
Completion
Complete each statement.
1. During cell division, chromatin condenses to form ____________________, which are threadlike structures
containing genetic information.
2. Molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less
concentrated. This process is called ____________________.
3. The levels of organization in a multicellular organism are ____________________, tissues,
____________________, and organ systems.
4. Organisms, such as hawks and leopards, that obtain energy from the foods they consume are called
____________________.
5. Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and
_________________________.
6. Cellular respiration occurs only in the presence of ____________________.
7. Without oxygen, a cell can extract a net gain of only ____________________ molecules of ATP from each
glucose molecule.
8. The larger a cell becomes, the ____________________ efficiently it is able to function.
9. Proteins that regulate the cell cycle based on events inside the cell are called ____________________
regulators.
10. Together, the G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase are called ____________________.
11. Another name for cell division is the ____________________ phase.
12. Look at Figure 10-4. The process shown occurs directly following mitosis. This process is called
____________________.
Figure 10–4
Figure 9–1
13. Based on Figure 9-1, ____________________ ATP molecules are formed by fermentation.
14. Based on Figure 9-1, the complete breakdown of glucose through cellular respiration results in the production
of ____________________ ATP molecules.
15. Photosynthesis requires light, water, carbon dioxide, and ____________________.
Short Answer
16. How do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ?
17. Define diffusion.
18. A hypertonic salt solution has a higher concentration of solutes than a blood cell. Explain what happens when
a blood cell is placed in a hypertonic salt solution.
19. Explain, in terms of osmosis, why a raisin placed in a cup of pure water overnight will puff up with water.
20. List the four levels of organization in order from simplest to most complex.
21. Write the overall equation for photosynthesis in both symbols and words.
22. What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph? Give an example of each type of organism.
23. What effect does cell size have on a cell’s ability to efficiently carry out its activities? Give an example.
24. What is interphase, and which phases of the cell cycle does interphase include?
Figure 10–2
25. The main events of the cell cycle are labeled A, B, C, and D in Figure 10-2. Name these events. Then, briefly
state what happens during each event.
26. Name two factors that help regulate the timing of the cell cycle.
Essay
27. Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
28. Discuss the relationship between autotrophs and heterotrophs. Do heterotrophs depend on autotrophs for their
survival? Explain your answer.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 10–5
29. Interpreting Graphics What does Figure 10-5 represent? How do you know if this is an animal cell or a
plant cell?
30. Inferring Identify the structures labeled X and Y in Figure 10-5.
Unit 3 and 4 Take Home Quiz
Answer Section
COMPLETION
1. ANS: chromosomes
PTS: 1
2. ANS: diffusion
PTS: 1
3. ANS: cells, organs
PTS: 1
4. ANS: heterotrophs
PTS: 1
5. ANS: high-energy sugars
PTS: 1
6. ANS: oxygen
PTS: 1
7. ANS: 2
PTS: 1
8. ANS: less
PTS: 1
9. ANS: internal
PTS: 1
10. ANS: interphase
PTS: 1
11. ANS: M
PTS: 1
12. ANS: cytokinesis
PTS: 1
13. ANS: 2
PTS: 1
14. ANS: 36
PTS: 1
15. ANS: chlorophyll
PTS: 1
SHORT ANSWER
16. ANS:
Prokaryotes are generally simpler and smaller than eukaryotes, whereas eukaryotes have a nucleus and other
specialized organelles.
PTS: 1
17. ANS:
Diffusion is a process in which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an
area where they are less concentrated.
PTS: 1
18. ANS:
When a blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water flows from the blood cell, through the cell
membrane, into the solution. As a result of losing water, the cell shrinks.
PTS: 1
19. ANS:
Because the concentration of water in the cup is greater than the concentration of water in the raisin, water
will flow from the cup into the raisin. The water is a hypotonic solution in this example.
PTS: 1
20. ANS:
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
PTS: 1
21. ANS:
light
6CO2 + 6H2O ’ C6H12O6 + 6O2
light
carbon dioxide + water ’ sugar + oxygen
PTS: 1
22. ANS:
Autotrophs are organisms, such as plants, that can make their own food. Heterotrophs, such as animals, must
use food made by other organisms to get energy.
PTS: 1
23. ANS:
A large cell carries out its activities less efficiently than a small cell does. For example, as a cell’s size
increases, it becomes more difficult for needed materials, such as oxygen and nutrients, to reach all the parts
of the cell.
PTS: 1
24. ANS:
Interphase is the period of cell growth in between cell divisions. Interphase includes the G1 phase, the S
phase, and the G2 phase.
PTS: 1
25. ANS:
A—G1 phase, cell growth; B—S phase, DNA replication; C—G2 phase, preparation for mitosis; D—M
phase, cell division (mitosis and cytokinesis)
PTS: 1
26. ANS:
Any two of the following: contact with other cells, cyclins, growth factors, and any other internal or external
regulators
PTS: 1
ESSAY
27. ANS:
Prophase—the chromatin condenses into chromosomes, the centrioles separate (in animal cells), and the
nuclear envelope breaks down; Metaphase—the chromosomes line up across the midline of the cell and each
chromosome is attached to a spindle fiber and centromere; Anaphase—sister chromatids separate into
individual chromosomes; Telophase—chromosomes move to opposite sides of the dividing cell and two new
nuclear envelopes form.
PTS: 1
28. ANS:
Heterotrophs depend on autotrophs to obtain energy from the sun. This energy is then passed on to
heterotrophs in the form of food. Without autotrophs, the sun’s energy would not be available to heterotrophs
and heterotrophs would eventually die out or find a new way of obtaining energy.
PTS: 1
OTHER
29. ANS:
It shows various stages of mitosis in an animal cell. This is an animal cell because of the presence of
centrioles and the shape of the cells.
PTS: 1
30. ANS:
X is the centriole; Y is the spindle.
PTS: 1