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PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Ribosome – site of protein syntesis.
Steps in protein synthesis
I. Takes place in the nucleus of the cell
1. DNA splits
2. Messenger RNA forms on DNA-this is the coding of RNA
3. Messenger RNA peels away from DNA and heads from the cytoplasm of cell
4. DNA reforms or rewinds
II. Takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell
1. Messenger RNA goes to the ribosome-template (pattern) is formed on the
ribosome.
2. Transfer RNA previously made by DNA and sent to the cytoplasm goes to be
sure it matches the RNA pattern on the ribosome.
3. If it matches correctly then Transfer RNA goes and picks up its amino acid in the
cytoplasm. Transfer RNA occurs in groups of threes because three bases code
one amino acid.
4. Transfer RNA takes the amino acid to the ribosome and Transfer RNA locks in
with messenger RNA
5. As the transfer and messenger join the amino acids lock together and a protein is
formed which becomes STRUCTURE, ENGYMES, HORMONES.
6. Transfer RNA leaves the ribosome and Messenger RNA breaks up into
nucleotides, (sugar, phosphate, and bases) to be reused in the cell again.
The energy stored in ATP in cellular respiration is used in protein synthesis to build
proteins.