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Genes and Mitosis
I. Genes
A. Genes are sections of DNA that code for
that usually has one or more versions, or
Some genes determine traits in an organism
B. Trait is a physical characteristic in an organism
that usually has more than one variation
ex: Trait –
Alleles –
.
Talk with your partner come up with additional
traits and alleles and list them here
C. Each organism has two alleles for every trait in their
body.
-One from the chromosomes*
inherited from
-One from the chromosomes
inherited from
-These pair of chromosomes are called
*A chromosome is DNA that has been wound up into a rodlike shape
*This is why organisms appear to be a physical “blend” of
their parents.
A pair of homologous chromosomes in
sweet peas containing a gene for the
trait of flower color:
Chromosome
inherited from
the mother
Chromosome
inherited from
the father
Draw and color code 3 sets of homologous
chromosomes that carry the alleles of the traits you
just came up with (leave lots of space in between each
chromosome). Label each chromosome with an allele.
Mitosis
I. Mitosis is the process of the cycle cycle
where the cell divides
A. When cells divide, they must make copies of
the
(wound up DNA) so that each
cell receives a complete set of chromosomes
*If the cell does not receive a complete set the
cell is mutated and may not function
Chromosomes are long sections of
DNA wound around proteins.
-Most of the time DNA is not wound into a
chromosomes,
.
-When the cell is ready to replicate, winding the
DNA helps keep it easily manageable and less
likely to be damaged.
Copy and paste your chromosome slide and
then duplicate your chromosomes, making
sure to label each allele as you copy them.
Draw arrows to opposite sides of the page to
show where each chromosome would go
during cell replication.