Download building block of life".

Animal & Plant Cells
LO: To be able to prepare slides for viewing under the
light microscope
Can label plant and animal cell structures and describe
their functions
To be able to work out the size of a cell accurately using
using correct the units of measurement
A cell can be defined as the ”building block of life".
How to prepare &
view cells
Practical: Prepare a slide of your cheek cell.
Swipe a cotton bud on the inside of your cheek and smear onto a slide
Add a drop of methylene blue.
Carefully lower the cover slip.
Put a cotton bud in disinfectant.
Draw and label your diagram in pencil. Can you label the parts?
What do you already know
about plant and animal cells?
① At the back of your book – in pencil - sketch an
animal cell and a plant cell and label the parts
then compare with your working partner
② What parts are the same and different & why?
③ Peer assess – check it – mark out of 6
6/6
- deduct a mark for any incorrect spellings
- merit point for 6/6 
Animal & Plant Cell
Diagram

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/images/aqaaddsci_06.gif
Examiners tip: Check
your spelling!
Build on what you already know
– additional plant features
Examiners tip:
make sure you
can identify
ribosomes and
mitochondria
Other animal cell features
Examiners tip:
make sure you
can label
ribosomes
and
mitochondria
on a cell
diagram
Build a glossary of the cell parts
and functions
Click on the link to find out more about each cell part of a plant –
then try the game and quiz
http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/anatomy/cell/plan
t_cell_tutorial.htm
Animal cell tutorial, game and quiz
http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/anatomy/cell/cell_
tutorial.htm
Why do you
think a cell has so
Or Use a textbook to build your own glossary
many
mitochondria?
Summary – complete the
keywords
Plant &
Animal Cell
part
function
Controls the activities in the cell. Contains
DNA/genes/chromosomes which carry instructions for
making new cells
Liquid gel in which cell reactions take place
Lipid membrane which controls what enters and leaves the
cell
Many are found in the cytoplasm as a site where oxygen is
used and energy released during respiration
Where protein synthesis takes place
Answers
Plant &
Animal Cell
part
function
nucleus
Controls the activities in the cell. Contains
DNA/genes/chromosomes which carry instructions for
making new cells
cytoplasm
Liquid gel in which cell reactions take place
Cell membrane
Lipid membrane which controls what enters and leaves the
cell
mitochondria
Many are found in the cytoplasm as a site where oxygen is
used and energy released during respiration
ribosomes
Where protein synthesis takes place
Summary for plant & algae
Plant cells have all the features of an animal cell but also extra features. Algae are
simple aquatic organisms that make their own food by and have many similar
features to plant cells as outlined below:
Plant and Algae Cell
parts
function
Made of cellulose that strengthens and gives the cell
support
Found in the green parts of the plant. Contain
chlorophyll which absorb light energy to make food
by photosynthesis
Lipid membrane which controls what enters and
leaves the cell
Space filled with cell sap which exerts pressure on
the cell wall to keep it rigid and support the plant
Answers
Plant and Algae Cell
parts
function
Cell wall
Made of cellulose that strengthens and gives the cell
support
Chloroplasts
Found in the green parts of the plant. Contain
chlorophyll which absorb light energy to make food
by photosynthesis
Permanent vacuole
Space filled with cell sap which exerts pressure on
the cell wall to keep it rigid and support the plant
Examiners Tip: Not all plant cells have
chloroplasts, for example, root hair
cells. Why not?
What is a cell?
A cell can be defined as the ”building block of life".
Use this image to explain this analogy.
Modelling Cells
Think of your school building. Each building is made up of
a number of classrooms. Each classroom has four walls.
Each wall is made up of bricks. Structurally, each brick is
the smallest unit of your school building. So is the cell with
respect to the body, that is, the structural unit. et us
consider the order of a class. Each class has a number of
students. Out of these students some are monitors. These
monitors report to the class teacher who looks after the
overall functioning of his/her class. The smallest functional
unit of a class is a student. So is the cell for the body. The
bodies of both plants and animals are made of cells.
However, they are not a carbon copy of each other.
Introduction to cell size
 All living things are made of
cells – but you cannot see them
with the naked eye so
biologists use microscopes to
magnify the image.
 The largest cell in the human
body is the egg or ova which
measures approximately
0.1mm – smaller than a full
stop
 In contrast, the smallest cell is
the sperm measuring 0.06mm
In length from head to tail and
0.0025mm width of head
Units of measurement
 The size of cells vary:
Average animal cell = 0.02 mm across
Average plant cell = 0.04 mm across
Make sure you know these units of measurement :
1) Millimeters (mm) or 1m x 10-3
Answer:
0.01
micrometer
2) Micrometers (μm) or 1m x 10-6
3) Nanometers (nm) or 1m x 10-9
Cell surface
membranes are
about 0.000 01
mm thick. Can
you convert this
to micrometers?
Measuring Plant & Animal
Cells to scale
 Draw and label the
cells in your book in
pencil
 Write a results table to
record the size of cells
 Calculate an average
 Compare your results
to the class to check
repeatability for:
Units of measurement
Copy and complete table of units to show the Diameter
of a Mimivirus
metric unit
symbol
decimal value
 meter
_____
0.000000800
 millimeter
mm
_______
 Micrometer or micron µ
0.800
 N________________
___
nm
What patterns can you spot in the table?
Can you work out the rule for changing the scale?
Can you memorize the name and symbol?
Answers
metric unit
symbol
decimal value
 meter
m
0.000000800
 millimeter
mm
0.000800
 Micrometer
µ
0.800
 Nanometer
nm
800
Cells alive – how BIG?
 Your task is to navigate
http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.htm
 Click on Cell Biology on the left
 Then HOW BIG?
 Complete the task sheets
Are these cells plant or animal? Can
you name the organelles?
Are these cells plant or animal? Can
you name the organelles?
Are these cells plant or animal? Can
you name the organelles?
Are these cells plant or animal? Can
you name the organelles?
Are these cells plant or animal? Can
you name the organelles?
Are these cells plant or animal? Can
you name the organelles?