Download Study Guide I

Study Guide I
1. Which macromolecules are classified as “Lipid”?
2. Which macromolecules are classified as polysaccharides (complex carbohydrate)?
3. What are the elements of “ the scientific process”? What are the elements of a “controlled
experiment”?
4. What are the subunits if each of the followings?
A. Complex carbohydrates or polysaccharides
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
5. What are the characteristics of living organisms?
6. What are the basic differences between a “prokaryotic” and “eukaryotic” cell?
7. Which ion(s) determines the pH of the substance?
8. Define the following terms:
A. Acid
B. Base
C. Buffer
9. Describe the “levels of organization” of living organisms. Which is considered the basic unit
of life?
10. Which organelles and/or structures are found in a plant cell and NOT in an animal cell?
State their functions and their role in the plant cell.
11. Which organelles and/or structures are found in an animal cell and NOT in a plant cell?
Describe the function of each structure.
12. What are the components of the “cytoskeleton” of the cell? In which part of the cell each
component is found? Why?
13. Describe the function(s) of the different cell organelles? Why the “nucleus” is considered
the control center of the cell?!
14. Is the “cell membrane or the plasma membrane” found in all living cells? Is it permeable
or impermeable? Explain!
15. Answer the following questions:
** The basic unit of life is the
A. RNA
B. protein
C. cell
D. DNA
E. atom
** The pH of a base is
A. 7
B. less than 7
C. greater than 7
D. always negative E. neutral
** In aerobic cellular respiration the products are:
A. glucose + CO2
B. sugar + H2O
C. glucose + O2 + ATP
D. O2 + CO2
E. CO2 + H2O + ATP
** Monosachharides are building blocks or subunits of
A. proteins
B. lipids
C. carbohydrates
D. nucleic acids
E. starch
** Photosynthesis takes place in which of the following cell organelles?
A. chloroplasts
B. ribosomes
C. mitochondria
D. microtubules
E. Golgi apparatus
** The shared characteristics among living organisms include all of the followings EXCEPT
A. presence of DNA
B. growth and reproduction
C. homeostasis and adaptation
D. presence of either DNA or RNA, but not both
E. transfer of energy
** The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is primarily associated with
A. production of lipids and polysaccharides
B. production of proteins only
C. modification of proteins
D. cellular digestion
E. cellular respiration
** Golgi apparatus is associated with
A. protein modification B. lysosomes production
C. protein secretion
D. none of the above
E. all of the above
** Standardized variables
A. change during the experiment
B. affect the dependent variable
C. are kept equal in all treatments D. affect the independent variable
** This rigid polysaccharide is found in the cell wall of plant cells to support the cell
A. starch
B. glycogen
C. lactose D. cellulose
E. keratin
16. Answer the following questions: TRUE/FALSE
*Nucleic acids are found only in eukaryotic cells, they include both DNA and
RNA.
*All plant cells without exception contain chloroplasts and large central
vacuoles to store water.
*Animal and plant cells are considered eukaryotic cells, while bacteria are
considered prokaryotic cells that belong only to the kingdom “Monera”.
*Living bacterial cells are considered prokaryotic cells because they only
contain DNA without any nuclear envelope around it.
*All living cells must contain DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and
mitochondria for cellular respiration.
*The cytoplasm of the cell is found between the cell membrane and the
nuclear membrane. This cytoplasm is considered semi fluid substance.
*Starch is the most common type of complex carbohydrates
(polysaccharides) found in all plant and animal cells.
*Bacteria are classified as prokaryotic cells because they do not have
nuclear envelope or membrane bound organelles.