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Domains of Psychology INSTRUCTOR HEATHER KAY Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Start Description Teacher contacts the parents and let’s them know of the situation so they can change their child’s sleeping situation. Observation: Something is seen, heard or felt. What is happing? Where it happens? To whom it happens? Under what circumstances it happens? Example Outward Behavior: Teacher observes a child sleeps in class every Monday morning but not any other morning . Explanation Child goes to bed earlier and stops sleeping in class Focus of control: Change undesirable behavior to desirable behavior. Finding explanation for behavior is a step to , form theories of behavior Control If the student does not get to bed earlier he will continue to sleep in class What is likely to happen if things stay the same? What will happen in the future? Prediction The teacher overhears a conversation between the child and a friend. He tells his friend how he is getting away with staying up playing video games on Saturday and Sunday because his dad works nights and his mom falls asleep early. A theory is a set of ideas combined in a logical way, that explains and connects known facts and predicts events Major Theorists In Psychology And Their Theories Wilhelm Wundt-(1832-1920) Introspection, Volunteerism, First Psychology Laboratory 1879- Applied scientific principles to studying the human mind-Concentrated on thoughts, images and feelings- He stimulated interest in cognitive psychologyFounder of experimental psychology Edward Titchener- (1867-1927)Structuralism- Study the structure of the mind, sensations and thoughts- Student of Wundt-Contributed to Experimental Psychology-Structuralism died in 1927 with Titchener William James- (1842-1910) Functionalism- Opposed Structuralism- Stress the ways the mind allows us to adapt Sigmund Freud- (1856-1939) Psychoanalysis- Influenced by the Victorian AgeUnconscious mind controls much of our conscious behavior Click on Videos To the Left to view Major Theorists In Psychology And Their Theories John Watson- (1878-1958)- Behaviorism- Science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only-All behavior is learned- Believed phobias are Click learned through conditioning-Little Albert Experiment on videos to the right to view Ivan Pavlov- (1849-1936)-Classical Conditioning- An event that provokes a response-Known for his work with conditioning dogs to salivate as conditioned reflexive response to a metronome B.F. Skinner- (1904-1990)-Behaviorism-Operant Conditioning-Voluntary Behavior- Concept of reinforcement in behaviorism Mary Cover Jones- (1897-1987)-Counter conditioning- Old conditioning would be replaced by new conditioning-Known for behavior therapy-Little Peter Experiment Jean Piaget- (1896-1980)- Developmental Psychology- Theory of Cognitive Development-Influenced educational programs with theory of child development Subfields of Psychology Clinical Psychology- Diagnose and treat psychological disorders in people. Counseling Psychology-Works with people who have less severe problems, such as work or family problems. Experimental Psychology- Is the area where research is Developmental conducted with people Psychology- Focuses on and animals in the areas of learning, memory, the study of change. thinking, perception, motivation, and language. Minter, K. P., & Elmhorst, W. J.,(Teachers Ed).(2012) Subfields of Psychology (Con’t) Industrial/Organizational Psychology- The area of psychology concerned with relationships between people and their work Social Psychology- Study of human behavior is affected by the presence of other people. Comparative Psychology-Area of Psychology in which the psychologist study animals and their behavior for the purpose of comparing and contrasting it to human behavior. Personality PsychologyStudy of the ways in which people are both alike and different. Physiological Psychology –Study the brain, the nervous system, and the influence of the body’s chemicals on human beings. Minter, K. P., & Elmhorst, W. J.,(Teachers Ed).(2012) Psychological Perspectives Click on above video to view presentation Reference Bazar, J., [bazarj] (2013, Jan 28). Introduction to introspection.[Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1UnYiPwBQ0 Clemens, D., [dawnclemens] (2013, September, 10). The big 7 perspectives of psychology. Retrived from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aa-QHNCH7ks East Tennessee State University (2013, September, 8). Foundations of psychology: Structuralism and functionalism. [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4M3OzGyrZ8 Johnson, A., [johnsonanna] .(2010, July, 10). Psychoanalysis: An introduction. [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WiLtQATY_1s Monaghan, V., Whitehead, C., Lonegan, C,, & McDonnell, C., [nessymon] (2012, Jan, 10). Behavourism 101. [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RU0zEGWp56Y Stufff You Should Know-How Stuff Works (2014, May, 9). The little albert experiment. [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGU0IYDlwn0 Tangen, K., [tangenken]. (2013, July, 2). What is developmental psychology? [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8O6z5-WTHt0 The Mental Image (2015, August, 19). The mental image. [Online Image]. Retrieved from https://thementalimage.wordpress.com/category/psychology-2/psychological-perspectives/ Trentacost, P., [trentacostpatrick]. (2013, January, 9). Mary cover jones. [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WaPYcLy1F3s Minter, K. P., & Elmhorst, W. J.,(Teachers Ed).(2012). Psychology. NJ: Pearson.