Download Name:

Name:
.
Forensic Science
DNA
RNA
1.8.14
Protein
Go to Mr. Mason’s site, and then to the link for “Genetics – Transcription”
1. What are the three steps of turning a gene into a functional protein?
2. What must be done to the DNA double helix before it can be transcribed?
3. What is the primary difference between DNA and mRNA when it comes to
the base pairing rules? (Remember the 3rd verse of our awesome song?)
4. After transcription is complete, what happens to the newly constructed
mRNA strand?
Go back to Mr. Mason’s website and click on the link labeled “Genetics –
Translation”
5. Much of the process of making an amino acid chain will be explained more
fully in the next link, so we’ll leave the details of where and how an amino
acid chain is built for later. How many amino acids are there, and what
about them determines the nature of the protein being built?
6. If there are only four nucleotides to code for all of these amino acids,
what is it that actually codes for an amino acid? Give me the word along
with an explanation of what this word means.
7. Using the codon table, what amino acid would correspond to the codon
GAU?
Go back and click on the link labeled “Genetics – Protein Synthesis”
8. One thing the previous animation skipped over is how the amino acids are
put into place in the growing chain. What molecule is responsible for
delivering the amino acids that correspond to each codon?
9. What is an anticodon?
Go back to Mr. Mason’s website and follow the link for “Genetics –
Transcription/Translation example”
10. What are the names of the gene and the enzyme responsible for the
glowing in a firefly’s tail?
11. After finding the correct gene, what does RNA Polymerase actually do?
12. After transcription, what happens to the mRNA strand? (Where in the cell
does it go, and what organelle does it seek out?)
13. In this example, what occurs during translation?
14. What must be done to this string of amino acids in order to turn it into a
functional protein?
15. The rest of this process isn’t really about transcription or translation, but
rather about enzymatic activity and is thus beyond the scope of our
studies at this point. I will add, though, that it would be sweet to have a
glowing butt. Agreed? 
Get it? Good. Let’s take a test!  OK…maybe you’re as confused as I would
be at this point. Let’s try this again with a different site that explains it a little
differently.
Go to the link for “Genetics – Gene transcription/translation”
16. In the space above the DNA strand, use your keyboard to type in the
correct bases. Remember what matches with G? Which base goes with T?
(Remember, you’re making RNA here, not DNA) This is transcription.
(Nothing to write here – you just need to do it to get to the next step.)
17. When you understand what to do during translation, give it a shot. What
is the RNA sequence and corresponding amino acid that starts translation
every time?
18. What is the stop codon (RNA sequence) that ended the process of
translation? What are the other possible stop codons?
Explain transcription:
Explain translation:
Translate the following DNA strand into mRNA, and then translate the RNA into
an amino acid sequence. Remember to start with the "start" codon.
DNA Strand
C
C
T
A
C
G
G
G
C
T
A
C
C
T
T
T
A
C
G
C
A
A
T
C
A
G
A
C
T
mRNA
Amino Acid Chain