Download Chloroplast Mitochondria Cell Membrane Golgi Apparatus Cell Wall

Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Lysosome
Golgi Apparatus
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Cell Wall
Ribosomes
Vacuole
Cell Structure and Function
**by the end of this lesson you WILL be able
to name all parts of the cell seen above
All living things are composed of cells. The cell is the basic
structural unit of all life. All organisms are made up of cells
and all the substances of an organism are products of the
cell. More than three hundred years ago an English scientists
Robert Hooke (1635-1703) observed some
by the name of ________________
thin slices of cork. In Hooke’s report, mircographia, he
described what he had seen through his microscope. Hooke
Tiny cavities Each
said that the cork was a mass of “_____________”.
cavity was surrounded by walls which reminded him of a
Bee’s Honeycomb so he called these structures cells.
____________________,
It was not until the early 1800’s that the first specific ideas
about cells were presented. In 1831, a British botanist,
Robert Brown observed a cell structure he called the
_______________,
Nucleus In 1831, a French biologists, Dujardin (Doo__________.
Zhar-Dan), was observing living cells and found the
substance we now call the protoplasm. In 1839, two
german biologists, Matthias Scleiden (Shly-den) and
Theodore Schwann (Shvahn), along with the help of many
other scientists, developed what we now call the
Cell Theory
“____________”.
Cell Theory
1. All plants and animals are
composed of cells and cell products
2. All life functions are performed by
individual cells or groups of cells.
3. Cells come from other cells by
reproduction.
Levels of Organization
CELLS
TISSUES
ORGANS
ORGAN
SYSTEMS
ORGANISM
Definition of a Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is
capable of performing LIFE functions
2 Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cell
a. Do not have
structures surrounded
by membranes and do
not contain a nucleus
b. Few internal
structures
c. One-celled organisms,
ex. Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
• Structures are surrounded
by membrane and has a
nucleus
• Many internal structures
• Multi-cellular organisms;
humans, plants
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
2. Eukaryotic
a. Contain organelles surrounded by
membranes
b. Most living organisms
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Lysosome
Golgi Apparatus
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Cell Wall
Ribosomes
Vacuole
CELL MEMBRANE
•Outer membrane of cell that controls
movement in and out of the cell
•Double layer
•Found in plant and animal cells
Plant cell
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Animal Cell
CELL WALL
•Most commonly found in plant cells
and bacteria
•Supports and protects cells
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NUCLEUS “Da Boss”
•Brain of cell
•Directs cell activities
•Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear
membrane
•Contains genetic materialDNA
Nuclear membrane
Nucleolus
NUCLEOLUS
•Inside nucleus
•Contains RNA to build
proteins
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
•Surrounds nucleus
•Openings allow material to enter and
leave nucleus
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CYTOPLASM
•jelly-like substance
•Surrounded by cell membrane
•Chemical reactions with in the cell take
place here
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Lysosome
•Garbage Truck
•Transports undigested material
to cell membrane for removal
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ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
•The Highway
•Transports materials around cell
•Smooth type: no ribosome's
•Rough type: ribosome's embedded in surface
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RIBOSOMES
•Each cell contains thousands
•Make proteins
•Found on ER or floating in the
cytoplasm
•Ribosome=Rib protein
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ATP
H2O
MITOCHONDRIA
•Produces energy through digestion
•Recycles and decomposes foods of
cell
•“Power house” of cell
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GOLGI BODIES
•Stores and releases chemicals in the
cell
•Moves materials within the cell and
out of cell
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VACUOLE
•Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
•Stores water and other substances
•Bigger in plant cell then animal cell
Water
Vacuole
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O₂
Glucose
CHLOROPLASTS
•Usually found in plant cells
•Contains green chlorophyll
•Where photosynthesis takes place
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