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Yr 10 Biology Unit 1: Name:____________________ TEST 1: Characteristics of Life, Cells, Microscopy and Biomolecules Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (TOTAL 15 MARKS) 1. Cell theory was developed in the mid 1800's based on many years of work by a number of prominent scientists. Which of the following is NOT a part of cell theory? A. B. C. D. There are two basic types of cells: plant cells and animal cells New cells are produced from existing cells Cells are the basic function unit of life All living things consist of one or more cells or of products of cells 2. Which of the following is not a “characteristic of life”: A. B. C. D. Ability to move Ability to exchange gases with the environment Ability to produce food Ability to respond to stimuli 3. Which of the following correctly identifies some of the features of a particular kingdom of living things. Kingdom A: B: C: D: Plantae Plantae Fungi Fungi Type of nutrition Autotrophic Heterotrophic Autotrophic Heterotrophic Cellular nature: Multi or uni cellular Multicellular Can be either unicellular Can be either Composition of cell wall Chitin Cellulose Cellulose Chitin /37 4. A thin section A-A was cut from a cell sample (as shown to the right) and mounted on a slide. Which of the following best illustrates how the cells would appear under the microscope. A A. B. C. D. 5. This picture was taken of part of a small animal, what kind of microscope was used to view this animal? A. B. C. D. Light microscope Scanning electron microscope Fluorescent microscope Transmission electron microscope A The following 2 questions refer to the image below of an electron-micrograph of a small section of a cell Organelle Z Organelle X (As outlined by the dotted line) Organelle Z Organelle Z 6. This image could show a part of any of the following cell types except for : A. B. C. D. A bacterial cell A fungal cell A plant cell An animal cells 7. Based on this image and your understanding of cell structure, organelles X and Z are: A. B. C. D. Organelle X The Rough Endoplasmic Retiuculum Golgi body A chloroplast Golgi Body Organelle Z Mitochondria Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum lysosomes Vesicles The following information is relevant to the next three questions This picture of a cross section of a cell was taken by a transmission electron microscope O M N P Q 8. Before the cell section can be viewed using a transmission electron microscope it needs to be: A. B. C. D. Stained using an electron dense chemical Coated with a heavy metal like gold Place on a glass slide with a coverslip over the specimen Frozen in liquid Nitrogen for several hours 9. A student observed this cross section and stated that there are 4 mitochondria present in the cell. She is: A. Correct because the mitochondria are double membrane structures which have a highly folded inner membrane B. Correct because the cross section of a cell allows you to view the interior of a cell, and the picture only contains 4 mitochondria C. Incorrect because the cross section only allows you to view one layer of the cell; there may be more mitochondria in other layers D. Incorrect because this is a prokaryotic cell which does not contain mitochondria . 10. Which of the organelles in this cell would also be found in a bacterial cell? A. B. C. D. M M, N, O , P and Q N only None of these are found in bacteria 11. The diagram below shows a small organism, called a rotifer, that was observed by a student using light microscope. It was viewed under x400 magnification and the diameter of the field of view was 450m. The circular diagram represents a complete field of view. The approximate width of the organism is: A. B. C. D. 225 m 50 m 450 m 100 m 12. Examine the diagram of the microscope below: Z W Y X In relation to the parts of a light microscope and their function which of the following statements is correct? A. B. C. D. Structure Y is the iris diaphragm Z and W both magnify the specimen Z is the objective lens The function of X is to increase the amount of light passing through the specimen 13. In a typical plant cell, you would expect to find A. B. C. D. Lipid in the cell membrane only Starch in the cell wall only Cellulose in the chloroplast only Nucleic acids in the nucleus only 14. Which of the following is not formed by the process of polymerization? A. B. C. D. glucose DNA Cellulose Starch 15. Consider the table below which shows the elements found in a number of compounds. A tick indicates the element is present and a cross that it is absent. Element present H O C N P S Compound 1 √ √ √ √ √ x Compound 2 √ √ √ √ x √ Based on this data: A. B. C. D. All four compounds are organic Compound 3 must be a carbohydrate Compound 1 could be DNA Compound 2 is a lipid Compound 3 √ √ √ x x x Compound 4 √ √ x x x x Short Answer questions /23 Marks Question 1 a) Lipids can be found as molecule called a tri-glyceride. Draw a rough diagram of a triglyceride and label its components. (you do not need to add in the molecular composition of this molecule) 1 mark: One glycerol molecule 1 mark: 3 fatty acid molecules 2 marks b) Is a lipid an example of a polymer? Explain 1 mark: No 1 mark: not made of the same repeating unit OR not made of multiple repeats of the same unit Not made of monomers ½ mark 2 marks TOTAL 4 MARKS Question 2 Two cells, A and B, were stained and cut into many thin sections. These sections were examined using a transmission electron microscope and used to build up a full picture of the entire cell. One of the cells was a cell from the leaf of a geranium plant. The other was a cell from the lining of the stomach that secretes the protein pepsin. The following table shows some of the data collected about these cells. Organelle Nucleus Golgi body Cell wall mitochondria Chloroplasts How many of each organelle/structure were identified in each cell Cell A Cell B 1 1 2 16 1 0 5 50 50 0 a) (i) What is the role of the nucleus of the cell? Controls and coordinates cell function 1 mark b) (i) From what monomers would pepsin be formed? Amino Acids 1 mark c) Identify Cell A and B as either the geranium leaf cell or the gastric cell from the stomach lining. Give two reasons why you have made each choice. (HINT: look at the mark allocation and make clearly linked points in your response) Cell A: Geranium leaf 1 mark Reason 1: contains cell wall which is present in all plant cells(so a geramium leaf) and not in animal cells(like gastric cell) Reason 2: contains chloroplasts which are present in most leaf cells (so a geramium leaf) and in no animal cells(so cell A isn’t a gastric cell) 2 marks Cell B: Gastric cell 1 mark Any two of: no chloroplasts as this is an animal cell (and the other cell has chloroplast) no cell wall as this is an animal cell (and the other cell has cell wall) Large number of mitochondria as much energy is needed to make and secrete the protein pepsin Large number of golgi bodies as the gastric cell secretes pepsin, as golgi body are responsible for secreting protein from cells 2 marks One of these cells also showed an extensive Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) d) (i) Which cell, A or B, do you think this was likely to be? B 1 mark (ii) Explain why the cell you have selected would need an extensive Rough ER Cell B secretes lots of the protein pepsin Rough ER required for protein synthesis: transports proteins made by ribosomes on its surface (NOT ROUCH ER TRANSPORTS RIBOSOMES AROUND THE CELL??) 2 marks TOTAL 11 marks QUESTION 3 a) List two features that are common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells 1. cell membrane 2. cytoplasm 3. ribosomes 4. DNA I also allowed flagella as some prokaryotic cells and some eukaryotic cells can have these but all of either do not. If wording had ask common to all pro and euk cells then if wouldn’t have been allowed 2 marks b) The images below are of cells viewed using different types of microscopes Cell 2 Cell 1 a) Which cell was viewed using an electron microscope? Give two reasons to support your answer Cell 2 Much higher magnification Can see small internal detail of the chloroplast that cannot be seen with the LM. 3 marks b) Compared to a light microscope, what are two disadvantages of using an electron microscope? Images produced are black and white only (unless artificially coloured) —lose original colour of cell Cell are killed during preparation for viewing / only dead cells are viewed— cannot view live specimen 2 marks TOTAL 7 MARKS