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Characteristics of Life, Experimental Method and Cells Test
Name: __________________
45 marks
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions Total 18 marks
1. Which of the following characteristics is NOT common to all living things:
A.
B.
C.
D.
The ability to produce their own food
Growth and repair
Responsiveness to stimuli
reproduction
2. Cell theory includes all of the following ideas EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
All cells arise from pre-existing cells
All plant cells have a cell wall
The cell is the smallest unit of life
All living things are composed of cells
3. Which of the following correctly identifies some of the features of a particular kingdom of living
things.
Kingdom
A:
B:
C:
D:
Plantae
Plantae
Animalia
Animalia
Type of nutrition
Cellular nature
Cell wall presents/absent
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Unicellular
Multicellular
Multicellular
Multicellular
present
absent
absent
absent
4. A thin section A-A was cut from a cell sample (as shown
to the right) and mounted on a slide.
Which of the following best illustrates how the cells would
appear under the microscope.
A
A
A.
B.
C.
D.
Yr 10 Biology Unit 1
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The following 5 questions refer to the image below of a drawing of a cell:
O
M
N
P
Q
5. This drawing was made by examining this cell using what type of microscope?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Transmission electron microscope
Light microscope
Scanning electron microscope
Fluorescent microscope
6. This cell is most likely a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Plant cell
Animal cell
Bacterial cell
Fungal cell
7. Organelle Q is a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Mitochondria
Golgi body
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Vacuole
8. Which of the following statements regarding either the structure or function of each organelle
is correct:
A.
B.
C.
D.
DNA is located within organelle O
Organelle P is the site of photosynthesis
Organelle P is found in animal cells but not plant cells
N is a semi permeable layer made of phospholipids and protein
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9. Which of the organelles in this cell would also be found in a bacterial cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
M
M, N, O , P and Q
O only
None of these are found in bacteria
10. Gastric cells in the lining of the stomach produce and secrete the enzyme pepsin.
Pepsin, like nearly all enzymes, is a protein. Which of the following lists the
organelles or structures that they would be involved in the process of producing and
secreting pepsin in the correct order (not all steps need to be included)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Nucleus vesicle  ribosome  golgi body
ER  ribosomes  cell membrane  golgi body
Ribosome rough ER  golgi body  vesicle
rough ER  nucleus  golgi body  ER
11. The following image of part of a coleous plant has been generated using a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Light microscope
Scanning electron microscope
Fluorescent microscope
Transmission electron microscope
12. A scientist wants to determine the effect of fertilizer on the growth of corn plants. She plants
two rows of corn, and puts fertilizer on row 1 but does not put fertilizer on row 2. Both rows
receive the same amount of water and light intensity. She checks the growth of the corn over
the course of 5 months.
In the above experiment a controlled variable is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
The height of the plants
The amount of water given to the plants
The corn with the fertilizer
The corn without fertilizer
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13. Which sentence best states the importance of using control groups?
Which sentence b
A. Control groups eliminate the need for large sample sizes, reducing the number of
measurements needed.
B. Control groups allow certain factors to be kept the same throughout the experiment
C. Control groups provide a method by which the chance/effect of errors can be reduced.
D. Control groups allow comparison between subjects receiving a treatment and those receiving
no treatment
14. Apart from applying stains, the best way to increase the contrast of an image viewed using a
light microscope is to:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Increase the magnification
Clean the objective lens
Adjust the diaphragm
Turn the light intensity up to maximum
15. Examine the diagram of the microscope below: Which of the following correctly matches
labels to their name and function?
W
X
Z
Y
Letter
Name of structure
Function of part
A
W
Eye piece/Ocular
Magnification
B
X
Diaphragm
To focus light from the lamp onto the
specimen
C
Y
Condenser
To alter the light intensity
D
Z
Fine adjustment knob
To move the body tube slowly
allowing focus under high power
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The following information relates to the next two questions
The field diameter (field of view) of a light microscope
varies depending on the combination of lenses in place.
At Low power the field diameter is 1800um and at
High Power it is 450 um.
A paramecium was viewed using a light microscope.
A x10 ocular was used and the x10 objective lens
was clicked into place. The following image was seen
down the microscope.
16. The magnification used to view this paramecium is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
X10
X100
X20
X450
X1800
17. The length of the paramecium is closest to:
A.
B.
C.
D.
35um
75um
300 um
130um
18. Cell walls are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Found in plant cells only
The outer barrier of all cells, regulating inputs and outputs
Characteristic of bacterial, plant and fungal cells
Always composed of cellulose
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Section B: Short Answer Questions 27 marks
Question 1
“Mega Bush Growth” is a plant food which claims to increase the size of tomatoes when is given daily
to tomato plants. A student wished to investigate the relationship between Mega Bush Growth and the
size of the tomato fruits produced. She collected twenty tomato plants, and gave Mega Bush Growth
to ten of the plants. She did not administer any Mega Bush Growth to the other ten plants. She placed
all the plants in full sunlight, and watered them daily.
a) State a suitable hypothesis for this investigation
That “mega bush growth” increases the size of the fruits on tomato plants
COMMENT: Quit a few wrote
That plants given Mega bush growth will produced larger tomatoes than plants that are not
give Mega Bush Growth. I have given this 0 marks since it’s a prediction that can be made
from the hypothesis rather than an hypothesis. Do you agree with this or do I have it wrong?
1 mark
b) What is the independent variable in this scenario:
“mega bush growth” plant food or NO “mega bush growth” plant food
COMMENT:
Use or application of mega bush growth plant food=0 marks
They needed to state or clearly imply that one group received this plant food and the other
didn’t. For example “give mega bush plant growth on only one group” I though was OK.
1 mark
c) What is the dependent variable in this scenario:
The size of the fruits produced by the tomato plants
1 mark
d) List two controlled variables
e)
Any 2 of: Same number of plants in each group, same species of plant in each group, same
amount of sunlight, same volume of water, same watering regime 1 mark each
I have given ½ mark for each point if they haven’t clearly indicated the idea of these2variables
marks
being the SAME (is this OK with you? OR do you feel this is not necessary given the
definition of controlled variable)
f) What is the control group in this experiment?
The group that is not given the “mega bush growth” plant food
1 mark
g) What result would support the hypothesis?
The tomato plants given the “mega bush growth” plant food would have larger fruits than
the group given no “mega bush growth” plant food
1 mark
h) Suggest one way that you could reduce the chance/effect of errors in this experiment?
Any one of the following
 Any one of use a large number of plants for each treatment
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



Repeat the experiment a number of times and average the results
Make sure variables except the IV are kept constant between the two groups
Given the lack of detail about the experiment they could also point out
something that needed to be kept constant but which wasn’t describe in this
was in the information. For example use plants that are all of the same species,
and same initial size etc.
Any other sensible response.
1 mark
8 marks
Question 2
The images below are of cells viewed using different types of microscopes
Cell 1
Cell 2
B
a) Compare to using a light microscope, what is an advantage of using an electron microscope?
Greater resolution OR greater magnification OR can see much greater detail in the
specimens observed
1 mark
b) Compared to using a light microscope, what are two disadvantages of using an electron
microscope?
 Expensive
 Difficult to use
 Only black and white images; can’t see actual colour of specimen
 Specimens must be dead; ( so can’t observe cell function)
 Can only view one very thin vertical section at a time; no depth to the cells
viewed
2 marks
c) State two features which would be used to identify either or both of the above cells as plant
cells.
Any two of
Presents of
 Cell wall
 Large vacuole
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
chloroplast
d) Name structures
2 marks
(5 correct = 2 marks, 4=1 ½ marks, 3= 1 mark, 2= ½ marks, 1=0 mark)
A: cell membrane
D: cytosol/cytoplasm
B: nucleus
E: vacuole
C:chloroplast
2 marks
e) Cell 1 is a plant cell, but was not found to contain chloroplasts in any of the sections taken.
Why does Cell 1 not contain chloroplasts?
Cell 1 is specialized for another function other than photosynthesis thus does not
contain chloroplast
Cell 1 is not a leaf cell and does not make its own food so no chloroplasts needed
½ mark if on track but not precise enough.
OR SIMILAR
8marks
Question 3
Image A below shows a tiny part of a cross section through a cell. Image B shows an enlargement of
a section of this image as indicated.
Enlargement of the section indicated in the image below:
Image B
C
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Image A
a) What type of microscope was use to view this specimen and produce this image?
Transmission Electron microscope OR TEM (1) electron microscope( ½ mark)
1 mark
b)
(i) Was the cell from which this image was created eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
eukaryotic 1 mark
(ii) Justify your choice
The present of membrane bound organelles like the mitochondria (B) and OR rough ER ½
which are not found in prokaryotic cells OR which are ONLY found in eukaryotic cells ½
proves this cell is eukaryotic
1 mark
c) Name organelle C
ribosome 1 mark
d) What is the function of organelle C?
Protein synthesis/ to make proteins
1 mark
5 marks
Question 4
Two cells were observed under a transmission electron microscope, and the number and type of
organelles in each cell were recorded.
One of the cells was from the pancreas and its function was to secrete the protein hormone
insulin. The other cell was from the quadricep muscle in the leg.
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The table below shows some of the data collected about these cells
How many of each organelle were identified in each cell
Organelle
Cell A
Cell B
Nucleus
1
1
Golgi body
2
16
mitochondria
180
90
a) A student identified cell A as the quadriceps muscle cell and cell B as the pancreas cell.
Using your understanding of cell structure and function, explain why the student has made
these conclusions. Refer to data in your answer.
Cell A:
1 mark: Link muscle cells to energy need and mitochondria to energy production for example
Muscle cells are very active and require a lot of energy/ATP (more than pancreas cells)(1/2)
Energy/ATP is produced by mitochondria(1/2)
1 mark Refer to data as evidence for example: Cell A has double the number of mitochondria
compared to cell B,(180 compared to 90) so this cell would be able to better generate energy
thus be muscle IF DATA IS PROVIDED ONLY FOR THE CELL A WITHOUT COMPARISON TO
B THEN ½ MARK
Cell B:
1 mark: Link protein secretion to golgi body for example: insulin would need to be modified
and packaged into vesicles for secretion and this is the role of the golgi body(1)
1 mark: Refer to data as evidence for example: Cell B has 8 x the number of golgi bodies
compared to cell A(16 compared to 2) enabling efficient secretion of insulin thus cell B
IF DATA IS PROVIDED ONLY FOR THE CELL b WITHOUT COMPARISON TO A THEN ½ MARK
2 + 2 = 4 marks
b) Explain which cell, A or B is likely to have more ribosomes? 2 marks
Cell B; the pancreas cell(1)
Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis(1/2) and cell B makes insulin, a protein
hormone(1/2) so would need a lot of ribosomes.
TOTAL 6 marks
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