Download Cells

• 3 kinds of variables
• Independent
• Dependent
• Constant
• Independent variable
• What you change on purpose
• Dependent variable
• What you are measuring
• constant
• What stays the same
• Steps of the scientific method
•
•
•
•
•
Ask a question or state the problem
Make hypothesis
Test hypothesis
Analyze data and get results
Make conclusion
• Organelle
• Mini organ inside a cell with a specific
function
• Cell wall
• Provides Structure and support for plant cells
• Nucleus
• Controls the cell
• Nucleolus
• Makes ribosomes
• chloroplast
• Does photosynthesis
• Converts sunlight into energy
• Cytoplasm
• Gel like substance that holds all the organelles
in place
• ribosome
• Makes proteins
• mitochondria
• Powerhouse of the cell
• Makes energy
• Cell membrane
• Controls what goes in and out of the cell
• Golgi Complex
• Packages materials out of the cell
• Vacuole
• Stores food and water
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Passageways through the cell
• Lysosome
• Gets rid of waste and worn out cell parts
• Cell
• Smallest unit that can carry out all life
processes
• Basic unit of all living things
• Cell theory
• All cells come from other cells
• All living things have cells
• Cells are basic unit of life
• Characteristics of all living things
Have
• One or more Cells
• DNA
• Protective covering
• Characteristics of all living things
Do
Grow or develop
Give off waste
Move or expand territory
Reproduce
Adjust to environment
• Characteristics of all living things
Need
Energy
Resources, oxygen, CO2, nutrients
Water
Shelter or habitat
• 2 kinds of cells
• Prokaryotic
• Eukaryotic
• Prokaryotic
• Cells with no nucleus
• Example-bacteria
• Eukaryotic
• Cells with a nucleus
• Example-plants and animals
• Hypothesis
• If, then, because statement
• Prediction about what will happen
• Must be testable
New Cards
Front
Benefits of being multicellular
Back
1. Can be bigger
2. Longer life span
3. Specialized cells
Front
Organization of living things
Back
1. Cells
2. Tissue
3. Organ
4. Organ system
Front
Tissue
Back
Many cells working together
Example: muscle tissue
Front
organ
Back
Many tissues working together
Example: stomach
Front
Organ system
Back
Many organs working together
Example: digestive system
Front
Two types of cellular transport
Back
Active and passive transport
Front
Active transport
Back
cell does use energy to move particles
Moves particles from Low concentration to high
concentration
Front
Types of active transport
Back
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Front
Endocytosis
Back
Particles moving into a cell using energy
Low concentration to high concentration
Front
exocytosis
Back
Particles leaving a cell using energy
Low concentration to high concentration
Front
Passive transport
Back
cell moving particles without using energy
High concentration to low concentration
Front
Types of passive transport
Back
Osmosis
diffusion
Front
osmosis
Back
Movement of water through a selectively
permeable membrane to reach equilibrium
High to low concentration
Front
Diffusion
Back
movement of particles from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration.
Example: odors spreading out through a room
Front
When comparing two solutions there are three
possible relationships
Back
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Front
Hypertonic
Back
A solution that causes a cell to shrink because of
osmosis. Meaning water leaves the cell.
Front
Hypotonic
Back
A solution that causes a cell to swell because of
osmosis meaning water rushes into the cell.
Front
Isotonic
Back
A solution that causes no change in cell size.
Meaning there is no net movement of water.
Front
Autotroph
Back
Organism that makes their own food
Example: plants
Front
Heterotroph
Back
Organisms that eat other organisms
Example: animals
Front
Photosynthesis
Back
The process by which the energy of sunlight is
converted into the energy of glucose
Front
Formula for photosynthesis
Back
Uses: Sunlight, Water, Carbon Dioxide
Makes: Sugar (glucose) and Oxygen
Front
Chlorophyll
Back
The pigment inside the chloroplast that absorbs
light for photosynthesis
Front
Cellular respiration
Back
The release of chemical energy (ATP) in the
mitochondria for use by cells.
Front
Formula for cellular respiration
Back
Uses: Sugar (glucose) and Oxygen
Makes: Energy (ATP), Water, Carbon Dioxide
Front
Equilibrium
Back
The concentration of particles is equal inside
and outside of cells
Front
Semi-permeable
Back
Some things can pass through a membrane but
others can’t
Front
Steps of the cell cycle
Back
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Front
Interphase
Back
DNA copies itself, you can see the nucleus, and
the cell grows
Front
DNA replication
Back
DNA copying itself
Front
Steps of Mitosis
Back
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Front
Prophase
Back
Nucleus disappears and you
can see the chromosomes
Front
metaphase
Back
Chromosomes line up
in the middle
Front
Anaphase
Back
Chromosomes move
to opposite sides of
the cell
Front
Telophase
Back
Cell starts to split into
two cells and new
nucleus forms
Front
Cytokinesis
Back
Cell divides in two
Front
Chromosome
Back
Made of DNA and found in the nucleus
Front
Initials of the cell cycle
Back
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