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Transcript
Cell Transport and Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration – Review Test 1. The two functions of the cell membrane. 2. Property of molecules that means it is attracted to water. 3. All cells live in this type of environment. 4. Particles that are soluble in this can pass easily across the cell membrane. 5. These molecules help to stabilize the plasma membrane. 6. Property of molecules that means it is “water repelling”. 7. The lipid bi-layer is made up these types of molecules. 8. There are spaces between these through which small molecules can pass. 9. Protein molecules embedded in the cell membrane with sugar molecules attached. 10. Random movement from an area of high concentration to one of low. 11. What are the two components of a phospholipids molecule? 12. What does it mean when dynamic equilibrium has been reached? 13. Diffusion cannot occur without the presence of this. 14. Particles have a tendency to move this way. 15. What term is used to describe the random motion of molecules? 16. These artificial lipid vesicles can be used in the treatment of cancer. 17. Name the two types of cell transport. 18. What is this difference between the two terms in question #17? 19. These are scattered in the lipid bi-layer. 20. This process takes liquid droplets inside of a cell. 21. This process takes solid chunks inside of a cell. 22. A unicellular organism will use this process to move waste products out. 23. The use of transport proteins to move particles across the cell membrane. 24. This structure adds support and protection to a plant cell. 25. The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane 26. The special term for dynamic equilibrium involving water molecules. 27. The increased pressure in a cell as a result of osmosis. 28. An example of this type of solution is tap water. 29. An animal cell will burst in this type of solution. 30. A plant cell will shrink in this type of solution. 31. The shrinking of the cytoplasm in a plant cell. 32. This pressure is very important to the structure of a plant. 33. Organisms that use energy (light) to synthesize their own food. 34. This process involves the addition of a phosphate group(s) to a molecule. 35. Organisms that consume food from their environment to use as energy. 36. This term describes a process that consumes energy. 37. This term describes a process that releases energy. 38. Respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen. 39. The molecular formula C3H6O3 represents what organic molecule? 40. The molecular formula C6H12O6 represents what organic molecule? 41. Respiration that takes place in the absence of oxygen. 42. This energy powers all life processes on Earth. 43. This term means to build using energy from light. 44. What is the equation used to represent photosynthesis? 45. What equation is used to represent the overall reaction of cellular respiration? 46. Where does anaerobic cellular respiration occur? 47. Where does aerobic cellular respiration occur? 48. What is the most usable form of energy for living things? 49. What term describes the stored form of glucose in animals? 50. What does ATP stand for? 51. How many molecules of ATP are formed during aerobic cellular respiration? 52. What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain? 53. Why must the electron transport chain be used to transform energy? 54. What are the three products of aerobic respiration? 55. What are the two types of anaerobic cellular respiration? 56. During what type of respiration is glucose only partially broken down? 57. What happens when lactic acid builds up in the muscles? 58. Where does alcoholic fermentation occur? 59. What are the products of alcoholic fermentation? 60. Why is alcohol potentially such a good source of clean energy? Cell Transport and Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration – Answers 1. Control what enters/leaves; keep inside of cell chemically different from outside 2. Hydrophilic 3. Fluid 4. Lipids 5. Cholesterol 6. Hydrophobic 7. Phospholipids 8. Polar Heads 9. Glycoprotein 10. Diffusion 11. Polar head and fatty acid tails 12. SAME AMOUNT OF PARTICLES MOVING INTO AN AREA AS MOVING OUT 13. Concentration gradient 14. Random 15. Brownian motion 16. Liposomes 17. Passive and Active transport 18. Active transport requires the use of cellular energy 19. Membrane Proteins 20. Pinocytosis 21. Phagocytosis 22. Exocytosis 23. Facilitated Diffusion 24. Cell wall 25. Osmosis 26. Osmotic Balance 27. Osmotic Pressure 28. Isotonic 29. Hypotonic 30. Hypertonic 31. Plasmolysis 32. Turgor Pressure 33. Autotrophs 34. Phosphorylation 35. Heterotrophs 36. Endergonic 37. Exergonic 38. Aerobic respiration 39. Lactic acid 40. Glucose 41. Anaerobic respiration 42. Sunlight 43. Photosynthesis 44. 6CO2 + 12H2O + energy from light → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 45. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy 46. Cytoplasm 47. Mitochondria 48. Glucose 49. Glycogen 50. Adenosine triphosphate 51. 36 52. Oxygen 53. It controls release of energy so cells are not damaged. 54. ATP, carbon dioxide, and water 55. Lactid acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation 56. Anaerobic respiration 57. Causes cramping and pain. 58. Yeast cells 59. Alcohol and carbon dioxide 60. The byproducts of burning alcohol using oxygen are water and carbon dioxide.